The zero relaxation limit for 2×2 hyperbolic systems (Q4265737)

The authors study the convergence of the weak solutions of the system of balance laws \[ u_t+f(u,v)_x=0,\quad v_t+g(u,v)_x= \tfrac{1}{\varepsilon} (\Phi (u)-v), u(x,0)=u_0(x),\;v(x,0)=v_0(x), \tag{1} \] to the solutions of the scalar conservation law \[ u_t + f(u,\Phi (u))_x=0,\quad u(x,0)=u_0(x), \tag{2} \] as \(\varepsilon \to 0\). The system (1) is considered to be strictly hyperbolic, i.e. \(\Lambda _-(u,v)<\Lambda _+(u,v)\) where \(\Lambda _-(u,v),\Lambda _+(u,v)\) are the characteristic speeds of system (1). Assume that \(\Lambda _-(u,\Phi (u))\leq d/du, f(u,\Phi (u)) \leq\Lambda _+(u,\Phi (u))\) and that there exists a sequence \((u^{\varepsilon},v^{\varepsilon})\) of weak entropy solutions of system (1) bounded in \(L^{\infty}\), uniformly with respect to \(\varepsilon\). If \(g^0(u) \in C_0^{\infty}\) is strictly convex on \([-2M,2M]\) for the given \(M>0\) and if the functions \(f,g\) and \(\Phi\) are sufficiently regular, then in the strip \(\{(u,v):u\in [-2M,2M]\}\) there exists a neighborhood of the equilibrium curve \(v=\Phi (u)\), where the solution of the Cauchy problem \(f_v\eta ^0_{uu}+(g_v- f_u)\eta^0_{uv}-g_u\eta^0_{vv}=0\), \(\eta ^0(u,\Phi(u))=g^0(u)\), \(\eta ^0_v(v,\Phi(u))=0\) is strictly convex and satisfies \(\eta ^0_{vv}\geq c >0\). Denote by \(K\) the compact set \(K=\{(u,v):u\in [-M,M]\), \(|v-\Phi (u)|\leq c_0\), \(c_0>0\}\) and suppose \((u^{\varepsilon},v^{\varepsilon})\in K\) and \(\int ^{+\infty}_{-\infty}\eta ^0(u_0(x),v_0(x)) dx <\infty\). Then the authors prove the existence of the subsequence \(\{u^{\varepsilon _k}\}\), such that \(u^{\varepsilon _k}\to u\) as \(\varepsilon _k\to 0\) strongly in \(L^p_{\text{loc}}\), for any \( p < \infty\). Moreover, \(u\) is a weak solution of the Cauchy problem (2), and \(\|v-\Phi (u)\|_{L^2([0,T]\times R)}= O(1)\sqrt{\varepsilon}\). Further is proved the validity of an infinite number of Kruzkov-type entropy inequalities for the solution \(u\) which is obtained from the relaxed conservation law (2). Under the condition \(|u-k|_t +F^k(u)\leq 0\) in \(D'\) for \(k\in [-M,M]\), where \(F^k(u)=\int ^u \text{sign } (u-k) d/ds f(s,\phi (s)) ds\), the authors prove the uniquiness of the entropy solution \(u\) of problem (2). In addition this solution satisfies the relation \[ \lim _{T\to 0^+} \frac{1}{T}\int _0^T \int _K|u(x,t)-u_0(x)|dx dt=0, \] for any compact set \(K\subset \mathbb{R}\).