Homological mirror symmetry for Brieskorn-Pham singularities (Q427716)

Homological mirror symmetry for Brieskorn-Pham singularities is obtained by showing that the derived Fukaya category of the Lefschetz fibration defined by a Brieskorn-Pham polynomial is equivalent to the triangular category of singularities associated to the same polynomial together with a grading by an abelian group of rank one (Theorem 1.3., cf. [\textit{K. Ueda}, ``Homological mirror symmetry and simple elliptic singularities'', \url{arXiv:math/0604361}; \textit{M. Kontsevich}, in: Proceedings of the international congress of mathematicians, ICM '94, Zürich, Switzerland. Vol. I. Basel: Birkhäuser. 120--139 (1995; Zbl 0846.53021); \textit{L. Katzarkov}, in: Real and complex singularities. Proceedings of the 1st Australian-Japanese workshop, University of Sydney, Australia, 2005. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific. 176--206 (2007; Zbl 1183.14056)]). A Brieskorn-Pham singularity is a hypersurface singularity defined by a Brieskorn-Pham polynomial \[ f_p= x^{p_1}_1+\cdots+ x^{p_n}_n,\quad p= (p_1,\dots, p_n). \] The Milnor lattice of a Brieskorn-Pham singularity is the tensor product of the Milnor lattices for \(f_{p_i}= x^{p_i}\). The Milnor lattice for \(f_p= x^p\) is a free abelian group generated by \(C_i\), \(i= 1,\dots,p- 1\) with the intersection form \[ (C_i,C_j)= \begin{cases} 2\quad &i= j,\\ -1\quad &|i-j|= 1,\\ 0\quad &\text{otherwise},\end{cases} \] (cf. [\textit{M. Sebastiani} and \textit{R. Thom}, Invent. Math. 13, 90--96 (1971; Zbl 0233.32025)]). Categorification of this description is the main result of this paper. For this purpose, the differential graded category \({\mathfrak A}_p\), whose objects are \((C_1,\dots, C_p)\) and morphisms are \[ \text{hom}(C_i, C_j)= \begin{cases} \mathbb{C}\cdot\text{id}_{C_i}\quad &\text{if }i= j,\\ \mathbb{C}[-1]\quad &\text{if }i=j-1,\\ 0\quad &\text{otherwise},\end{cases} \] is introduced. Then after a precise study of distinguished basis of vanishing cycles of the Lefschetz fibration \(W_p: \mathbb {C}^n\to\mathbb C\), with \[ W_p(x_1,\dots, x_n)= f_p(x_1,\dots, x_n)+ (\text{lower order terms}), \] a quasi equivalence of \(A_\infty\)-categories \[ {\mathfrak F}{\mathfrak u}{\mathfrak k}W_ p\cong{\mathfrak A}_{p_1-1}\otimes\cdots \otimes{\mathfrak A}_{p_n-1}, \] where \({\mathfrak F}{\mathfrak u}{\mathfrak k}W_p\) is the Fukaya category of \(W_p:\mathbb C^n\to\mathbb C\) is proved by induction on \(n\) adopting the symplectic Picard-Lefschetz theory of [\textit{P. Seidel}, Fukaya categories and Picard-Lefschetz theory. Zürich: European Mathematical Society (EMS) (2008; Zbl 1159.53001), Theorem 1.1]. Proof is given in \S2 and \S3. In \S4, along the lines of [Ueda, loc. cit.], Theorem 5, triangulated category of a Brieskorn-Pham singularity \(D^{\text{gr}}_{\text{Sg}}(A_p)\) [\textit{D. O. Orlov}, Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 246, 227--248 (2004); translation from Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova 246, 240--262 (2004; Zbl 1101.81093)] is shown to be equivalent to the bounded derived category \(D^b({\mathfrak A}_{p_1-1}\otimes\cdots\otimes{\mathfrak A}_{p_n-1})\) (Theorem 1.2). Precisely, the authors use the stabilized derived category [\textit{R. O. Buchweitz},``Maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules and the Tate-cohomology over Gorenstein rings'' (1986), \url{https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/16682}], which is the same as Orlov's triangular category. By Theorems 1.1 and 1.2, we have the equivalence \[ D^b{\mathfrak F}{\mathfrak u}{\mathfrak k}W_p\cong D^{\text{gr}}_{\text{Sg}}(A_p), \] that is, we obtain homological mirror symmetry for Brieskorn-Pham singularities (Theorem 1.3; for \(n=2\), this theorem is proved in [Ueda, loc. cit.]). The authors also remark, adopting the Calabi-Yau/Landau-Ginzburg correspondence [\textit{D. Orlov}, Prog. Math. 270, 503--531 (2009; Zbl 1200.18007)], that if \({1\over p_1}+\cdots+{1\over p_n}= 1\), then \[ D^{\text{gr}}_{\text{Sg}}(A_p)\cong D^b\text{coh\,}Y_p, \] where \(D^b\text{coh\,}Y_p\) is the derived category of coherent sheaves on a stack \(Y_p\) (Theorem 1.4).