Suspending Lefschetz fibrations, with an application to local mirror symmetry (Q982459)

The author deals with algebraic suspensions, in particular in relation to suspensions of Lefschetz fibrations. The notion of algebraic suspension is introduced in section 2: if \(\mathbb{K}\) is a field, \(\mathcal{B}\) is an \(A_{\infty}-\)algebra over \(\mathbb{K}\) and \(\mathcal{A}\) is an \(A_{\infty}-\)subalgebra of \(\mathcal{B}\), then to the pair \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) one associates a pair \((\mathcal{A}^{\sigma},\mathcal{B}^{\sigma})\), called the algebraic suspension of \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\), where \(\mathcal{B}^{\sigma}\) is an \(A_{\infty}-\)algebra over \(\mathbb{K}\) and \(\mathcal{A}^{\sigma}\) is an \(A_{\infty}-\)subalgebra of \(\mathcal{B}^{\sigma}\). More precisely, one defines \(\mathcal{B}^{\sigma}:=\mathcal{A}_{+}\oplus\mathcal{A}_{-}\oplus\mathcal{B}[-1]\) as graded vector space, where \(\mathcal{A}_{+}\) and \(\mathcal{A}_{-}\) are two copies of \(\mathcal{A}\), and one defines \(\mathcal{A}^{\sigma}\) as the subspace of \(\mathcal{B}^{\sigma}\) consisting of the triples \((a,a,0)\). In section 3 a topological viewpoint on algebraic suspensions is presented, and in section 4 various properties of algebraic suspensions are proved. An important example of algebraic suspension is the following: consider a \(2n-\)dimensional symplectic manifold \((M,\omega)\) (more precisely, one has that \(\omega=d\theta\) for a particular primitive \(\theta\), and one chooses a trivialization of the canonical bundle), and let \((V_{1},\dots,V_{m})\) be an ordered collection of Lagrangian spheres of \(M\) such that \(V_{i}\) is exact (i. e. \(\theta_{|V_{i}}=dF_{i}\) for some function \(F_{i}\)), having graded and Spin structures. Following Fukaya, one defines \(\mathcal{B}:=\bigoplus_{i,j}CF^{*}(V_{i},V_{j})\), where \(CF^{*}(V_{i},V_{j})\) is the Floer cochain group, which is an \(A_{\infty}-\)algebra over the ring \(R=\mathbb{K}^{m}\) (on which one defines an appropriate multiplication). Moreover, define \(\mathcal{A}:=R\oplus\bigoplus_{i<j}CF^{*}(V_{i},V_{j})\), so that to the pair \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) one associates its algebraic suspension. A particular case of this construction is given by Lefschetz fibrations, explained in section 6: let \(X\) be a smooth affine algebraic variety equipped with a Kähler form \(\omega\) which is exact and complete, and with a holomorphic volume form \(\eta\). A Lefschetz fibration on \(X\) is a regular function \(p:X\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\) having only non-degenerate critical points and verifying a convergence property. If \(z\in\mathbb{C}\), let \(X_{z}:=p^{-1}(z)\), and let \((\gamma_{1},\dots,\gamma_{m})\) be a distinguished basis of vanishing paths for \(p\) centered at \(z\). Consider \((V_{1},\dots,V_{m})\) to be the associated collection of vanishing cycles: they are Lagrangian spheres in \(X_{z}\) equipped with grading and Spin structures. Using the previous Fukaya-Floer construction, one associates to the Lefschetz fibration \(p\) a pair \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) and its algebraic suspension \((\mathcal{A}^{\sigma},\mathcal{B}^{\sigma})\). If \(p:X\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\) is a Lefschetz fibration, the suspension of \(p\) is the Lefschetz fibration \(p^{\sigma}:X^{\sigma}:=X\times\mathbb{C}\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\) defined as \(p(x,y):=p(x)-y^{2}\). One of the main results of the paper is that the algebraic suspension \((\mathcal{A}^{\sigma},\mathcal{B}^{\sigma})\) of the pair \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) associated to the Lefschetz fibration \(p:X\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\) (for some choice of vanishing paths) is quasi-isomorphic to the pair associated to the Lefschetz fibration \(p^{\sigma}:X^{\sigma}\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\). As an application of the previous constructions, the author proves the following result: let \(Y\) be a smooth toric del Pezzo surface, \(K_{Y}\) the total space of the canonical bundle of \(Y\) and consider \(Y\subseteq K_{Y}\) as the zero section. Moreover, let \(D^{b}(\mathrm{Coh}(K_{Y}))\) be the derived category of coherent sheaves on \(K_{Y}\), \(D^{b}_{Y}(\mathrm{Coh}(K_{Y}))\) the full subcategory whose objects are bounded complexes whose cohomology is supported on \(Y\), and let \(H\) be the mirror of \(K_{Y}\). The main result of the paper is Theorem 1.1, stating that there is a full embedding of triangulated categories \(D^{b}_{Y}(\mathrm{Coh}(K_{Y}))\longrightarrow D(\mathrm{Fuk}(H))\), where \(\mathrm{Fuk}(H)\) is the Fukaya category of \(H\). The proof uses the homological mirror symmetry for smooth toric del Pezzo surfaces, proved by \textit{D. Auroux}, \textit{L. Katzarkov} and \textit{D. Orlov} [Invent. Math. 166, No. 3, 537--582 (2006; Zbl 1110.14033); Ann. Math. (2) 167, No. 3, 867--943 (2008; Zbl 1175.14030)] and by \textit{K. Ueda} [Commun. Math. Phys. 264, No. 1, 71--85 (2006; Zbl 1106.14026)], and some results on the relation between \(D^{b}(\mathrm{Coh}(Y))\) and \(D^{b}_{Y}(\mathrm{Coh}(K_{Y}))\) obtained independently by \textit{E. Segal} [J. Algebra 320, No. 8, 3232--3268 (2008; Zbl 1168.18005)] and by \textit{M. Ballard} [Sheaves on local Calabi-Yau varieties, \url{arxiv/0801.3499}].