Extended equivariant Picard complexes and homogeneous spaces (Q430773)

The authors study the extended Picard complex \(\mathrm{UPic}(\overline{X})\) of a smooth geometrically integral variety \(X\) over a field \(k\) of characteristic 0, when \(X\) is a homogeneous space of a connected linear \(k\)-group \(G\) with \(\mathrm{Pic}(\overline{G})=0\) (where \(\overline{G}=G \times_k \overline{k})\). The extended Picard group was introduced in [\textit{M. Borovoi} and \textit{J. van Hamel}, C. R., Math., Acad. Sci. Paris 342, No. 9, 671--674 (2006; Zbl 1107.14034)], where was also announced the main theorem of this paper. \(\mathrm{UPic}(\overline{X})\) is the complex \(\mathcal{K}(\overline{X})^*/\overline{k}^*\rightarrow \mathrm{div}(\overline{X})\) in the derived category of Galois modules, where the differential is the divisor map. This complex plays an important role to study arithmetic invariants such as the algebraic part \(\mathrm{Br}_a(X)\) of the Brauer group \(Br(X)\) and the elementary obstruction of [\textit{J.-L. Colliot-Thélène} and \textit{J.-J. Sansuc}, Duke Math. J. 54, 375--492 (1987; Zbl 0659.14028)] to the existence of \(k\)-points in \(X\). A particular case deducible from the main theorem was proved in [\textit{M. Borovoi} and \textit{J. van Hamel}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 627, 53--82 (2009; Zbl 1170.14015)]: when \(X\) is a \(k\)-torsor under a connected group \(G\), there is a canonical isomorphism \(\mathrm{UPic}(\overline{X})\cong [\mathbf{X}(\overline{T})\rightarrow \mathbf{X}(\overline{T}^{sc})]\), where \(\mathbf{X}(H)\) is the character group of \(H\), \(T\) is a maximal torus of \(G\) and \(T^{sc}\) is, roughly speaking, the maximal torus of the simply connected cover of the semi-simple part of \(G\). Moreover, the differential of \([\mathbf{X}(\overline{T})\rightarrow \mathbf{X}(\overline{T}^{sc})]\) is the pullback. In the main result of this paper is assumed that \(X\) is a homogeneous space under a connected linear \(k\)-group \(G\) with \(\mathrm{Pic}(\overline{G})=0\). Let \(\overline{H}\subset \overline{G}\) be the stabilizer of a geometric point \(\overline{x}\in X(\overline{k})\). In this case \(\mathrm{UPic}(\overline{X})\) is isomorphic to \([\mathbf{X}(\overline{G})\rightarrow \mathbf{X}(\overline{H})]\), where the differential is the restriction. It also proved (see Theorem 2) that in this case there is a canonical injection of \(\mathrm{Pic}(X)\) in \(H^1(k,\mathrm{UPic}(\overline{X}))\) which is an isomorphism if \(X(k)\neq \empty\) or \(\mathrm{Br}(k)=0\). A similar result (see Theorem 3) was proved for \(\mathrm{Br}_a(X)\). In [Zbl 1170.14015] has been proved that \(\mathrm{UPic}(\overline{G})\) is the dual (in the derived sense) of the algebraic fundamental group of \(G\). Theorem 4 was a generalization of this result when \(X\) is as in the main theorem.