Weakly regular and self-injective Leavitt path algebras over arbitrary graphs. (Q434429)

Leavitt path algebras \(L_K(E)\) of row-finite directed graphs \(E\) over an arbitrary field \(K\) were introduced by \textit{G. Abrams} and \textit{G. Aranda Pino}, [J. Algebra 293, No. 2, 319-334 (2005; Zbl 1119.16011)], and by \textit{P. Ara, M. A. Moreno} and \textit{E. Pardo}, [Algebr. Represent. Theory 10, No. 2, 157-178 (2007; Zbl 1123.16006)]. The concept was generalized to arbitrary graphs by \textit{G. Abrams} and \textit{G. Aranda Pino}, [Houston J. Math. 34, No. 2, 423-442 (2008; Zbl 1169.16007)]. These algebras have been recently investigated from various points of view, including structure theory, K-theory, classification programmes, etc. In the present paper, the authors obtain a characterization of the Leavitt path algebras \(L_K(E)\) of arbitrary graphs which are either weakly regular or self-injective. Recall that a ring \(R\) is called `right weakly regular' in case \(I^2=I\) for every right ideal \(I\) of \(R\). One of the main results (Theorem 3.15) of the paper characterizes right weakly regular Leavitt path algebras in terms of a certain property of the graph, the so-called property (K). This property is also known to characterize the Leavitt path algebras which are exchange rings, or equivalently the Leavitt path algebras such that every two-sided ideal is a graded ideal (under the canonical \(\mathbb Z\)-grading). The second main result (Theorem 4.7) characterizes the self-injective Leavitt path algebras \(L_K(E)\) as precisely the ones that are semisimple. In terms of the structure of the graph, this is shown to be equivalent to the graph \(E\) being row-finite, acyclic and such that every infinite path contains a line point. The authors develop a careful study of homological properties in the non-unital setting in order to apply these concepts to the generally non-unital algebras \(L_K(E)\).