An improved factorization theorem with applications to subnormal operators (Q4386987)

Let \((X,\beta,\mu)\) be a \(\sigma\)-finite measure space such that \(L^2(\mu)\) is separable. Let \(\mathcal H\) be a separable Hilbert space. Then the space \(L^2(\mu,\mathcal H)\) of all \(\mathcal H\)-valued measurable square integrable functions on \(X\) is a separable Hilbert space. A linear subspace \(M\) of \(L^2(\mu,\mathcal H)\) is said to have the approximate factorization property if for every \(f\in L^1(\mu)\) and every \(\varepsilon > 0\), there exists \(x,y\in M\) such that \[ \begin{gathered} \| f- x\cdot y \| _{L^1(\mu)} < \varepsilon \quad \text{and} \| x\| _{L^2(\mu,\mathcal H)} \| y\| _{L^2(\mu,\mathcal H)} \leq \| f\| _{L^1(\mu,\mathcal H)},\\ \text{where} (x\cdot y)(t) =\langle x(t), y(t) \rangle_\mathcal H. \end{gathered} \] for almost all \(t\in X\). In this paper, the authors provide hypothesis for \(M\) to have the approximate factorization property. This hypothesis is more readily applicable than that obtained by \textit{H. Bercovici} and \textit{W. Li} [Integral Equations Oper. Theory 17, No. 3, 440-442 (1993; Zbl 0811.47041)]. An application to study certain operator algebras related with subnormality is also given.