Sufficient Conditions for Starlikeness and Strong-starlikeness of a Given Order (Q4433197)

Let \(A\) denote the class of functions \(f(z)\) holomorphic in the unit disc \(U\) and normalized by \(f(0)= f'(0)- 1=0\). For \(f\in A\) the sharp bounds \(M(\alpha)\) and \(N(\beta)\) are found such that for \(z\in U\) \[ \Biggl|{f''(z)\over f'(z)}\Biggr|\leq M(\alpha)\Rightarrow\text{Re} {zf'(z)\over f(z)}> \alpha,\quad 0\leq \alpha< 1, \] and \[ \Biggl|{f''(z)\over f'(z)}\Biggr|\leq N(\beta)\Rightarrow \Biggl|\text{arg} {zf'(z)\over f(z)}\Biggr|< \beta{\pi\over 2},\quad 0< \beta\leq 1. \] Let \(M_0= \sqrt{1+ y^2_0}= 2,832,\dots\), where \(y_0\) is the smallest positive root of the equation \(y\sin y+\cos y= e^{-1}\). If \(|{f''(z)\over f'(z)}|\leq M\leq M_0\) \((z\in U)\), then \({zf'(z)\over f(z)}\prec F(Mz)\), where \(F(z)= {z\over e^z- 1}\). The bounds \(M(\alpha)\), \(N(\beta)\) are closely related to the Bernoulli function \(F(z)\). Namely, if \(R: (0,M_0]\to [0,1)\), \(R(r)= \min\{\text{Re\,}F(z):| z|= r\}\), \[ A: (0,M_0]\to \Biggl(0,{\pi\over 2}\Biggr),\;A(r)= \max\{\arg F(z):| z|= r\}, \] then \(M(\alpha)= R^{-1}(\alpha)\) and \(N(\beta)= A^{-1}(\beta{\pi\over 2})\).