On stable perturbations for outer inverses of linear operators in Banach spaces (Q445858)

For Hilbert spaces \(\mathcal H, \mathcal K\), let \(\mathcal B(\mathcal H, \mathcal K)\) denote the space of all bounded linear operators from \(\mathcal H\) into \(\mathcal K\). For \(A \in \mathcal B (\mathcal H, \mathcal K)\), if there exists an operator \(A^{\dagger} \in \mathcal B(\mathcal K, \mathcal H)\) such that \(AA^{\dagger}A=A\), \(A^{\dagger}AA^{\dagger}=A^{\dagger}\), \(AA^{\dagger} = (AA^{\dagger})^*\), \(A^{\dagger}A=(A^{\dagger}A)^*\), then \(A^{\dagger}\) is called the Moore-Penrose inverse of \(A\). It is well known that \(A\) has a Moore-Penrose inverse if and only if \(R(A)\), the range of \(A\), is closed and that, if it exists, then it is unique. Let \(N(A)\) denote the null space of \(A\). Let us recall a perturbation result proved by \textit{J. Ding} [Missouri J. Math. Sci. 15, No. 1 (2003; Zbl 1039.47001)]: Given \(A \in \mathcal B (\mathcal H, \mathcal K)\), let \(\delta A \in \mathcal B (\mathcal H, \mathcal K)\) such that \(\|\delta A \|\| A^{\dagger} \|< 1\). Set \(A_{\delta}=A+\delta A\). Then \(A_{\delta}^{\dagger} = A^{\dagger} (I+\delta AA^{\dagger})^{-1}\) if and only if \(R(A_{\delta})=R(A)\) and \(N(A_{\delta})=N(A)\). Perturbations \(A_{\delta}\) that satisfy the range and the null space conditions as above are referred to as stable perturbations. Recall that, for \(A \in \mathcal B (\mathcal H, \mathcal K)\), any \(X \in \mathcal B (\mathcal K, \mathcal H)\), such that \(XAX=X\) is called an outer inverse of \(A\). In the paper under review, the authors study stable perturbations of the class of outer inverses of \(A\) and other subclasses of outer inverses. The actual statements are rather too complicated to be included here. In the process, certain well-known results are extended.