No label defined (Q4459960)

Let \(\mathcal K_n\) (\(\mathcal L_n\), \textit{resp.}) denote the class of all complex (real, \textit{resp.}) polynomials \(p_n(z)=\sum_{k=0}^na_kz^k\) with \(| a_k| =1\) (\(a_k\in\{-1,1\}\), \textit{resp.}). They are called unimodular polynomials of degree \(n\). An old Littlewood's Flatness Problem consists in understanding \textsl{how close can a unimodular polynomial} \(P_n\in\mathcal K_n\) (\(P_n\in\mathcal L_n\), \textit{resp.}) \textsl{come to satisfying} \(| P_n(z)| =\sqrt{n+1}\), \(| z| =1\). This leads to the following definition. Given a strictly increasing sequence \((n_k)\) of positive integers, we say that a sequence of unimodular polynomials \(\{P_{n_k}\} \subset \mathcal K_{n_k}\) is ultraflat, if there exists a sequence \(\epsilon_k\) of positive numbers tending to 0, such that \[ (1-\epsilon_k)\sqrt{n_k+1}\leq| P_{n_k}(z)| \leq(1+\epsilon_k)\sqrt{n_k+1},\quad | z| =1. \] The paper under review is an excellent survey on ultraflat polynomials focused on the author's contributions to the area of polynomials with Littlewood-type coefficient constraints. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1028.00020].