Simultaneous solutions of matrix equations and simultaneous equivalence of matrices (Q448384)

Simultaneous solutions of systems of matrix equations and simultaneous similarity are traditional topics in linear algebra. The starting point here is a classical result of J. Sylvester (1884), and W. Roth, H. K. Wimmer and the authors have derived further results and extensions. The main result of this paper is: (i) If the matrices \(\biggl(\begin{matrix} A_i\;C_i \\ 0 \;B_i\end{matrix}\biggr)\), where \(i\) is in some index set \(I\), are simultaneously similar to the matrices \(\biggl(\begin{matrix} A_i\;0 \\ 0 \;B_i\end{matrix}\biggr)\), then there exists a simultaneous solution \(X\) for the Sylvester equations \(A_iX -X B_i = C_i (x \in I)\), and (ii) If the above families of matrices are simultaneously equivalent, then there exist simultaneous solutions \(X, Y\), for the matrix equations \(A_i - Y B_i = C_i\). Analogous results are shown to hold for mixed pairs of Sylvester matrix equations \(A_1X_1 - Y B_1 = C_1\), \(A_2X_2 - Y B_2 = C_2\) and for generalized Stein equations \(X - AYB = C\).