On vertical zeros of Re ζ(s) and Im ζ(s) (Q4484423)

For fixed \(\sigma_0\) let \(N_A (T)\) and \(N_B (T)\) be the number of zeros of \(\Re \zeta(\sigma_0+it)\) and \(\Im \zeta(\sigma_0+it)\) in \((0, T)\) respectively. By \(N_{A, B} (T)\) denote either \(N_A (T)\) and \(N_B (T)\). Define the functions \(F(s)=\zeta(\sigma_0+s)+\zeta(\sigma_0-s)\) and \(G(s)=\zeta(\sigma_0+s)-\zeta(\sigma_0-s)\). The zeros on the imaginary axis of \(F(s)\) and \(G(s)\) correspond to the zeros of \(\Re \zeta(\sigma_0+it)\) and \(\Im \zeta(\sigma_0+it)\). Let \(N_F(T)\) be the number of zeros of \(F(s)\) in the rectangle \(-10<\Re s<10\), \(0<\Im s<T\). Analogously define \(N_G(T)\). Let also \(N_{F,G}\) denote either \(N_F(T)\) or \(N_G(T)\). The existence of zeros of \(\Re \zeta(\sigma_0+it)-1\) and \(\Im \zeta(\sigma_0+it)\) in short intervals was investigated by \textit{J. Moser} [Acta Arith. 34, 25-35 (1977; Zbl 0323.10033)]. In this paper the author proves that for any \(\sigma_0<1/2\) there exists \(c=c(\sigma_0)>0\) such that \[ N_{A, B} (T)>\frac T \pi \log \frac {T} {2\pi}-\frac T \pi -N(1-\sigma_0, T) -c\log T \] and \[ N_{F, G} (T)=\frac T \pi \log \frac {T} {2\pi}-\frac T \pi+O(\log T), \] where \(N(\sigma, T)\) denotes the number of zeros of the Riemann zeta-function \(\zeta(s)\) in the region \(\Re s\geq\sigma\), \(\Im s\leq T\). Also he obtains, that for \(1/2<\sigma_0<1\), \[ T\ll N_{A, B} (T)\ll T\log T. \] The lower bound in the last formula is proved using Voronin's universality theorem of the Riemann zeta-function.