Isotropic surface area measures (Q4494736)

Like \textit{F. Behrend} [Math. Ann. 113, 713-747 (1937; Zbl 0015.36705)] the authors investigate the equiaffine invariant \[ \partial_K: = \min_{T\in L(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{R}^n), |\det T|=1} {\partial (TK)\over|K|^{n-1\over n}} \] of a convex body \(K\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) with volume \(|K|\) and surface area \(\partial (K)\). C. Petty showed 1961 that here \(\partial(K)\) itself attains the minimal value iff the Aleksandrov area measure \(\sigma_K\) of \(K\) on \(S^{n-1}\) is isotropic in the sense of \(\int_{S^{n-1}}\langle u,\theta\rangle ^2 d\sigma_K (u)={1\over n}\sigma_K (S^{n-1})\) for every \(\theta\in S^{n-1}\). After a new proof of Petty's theorem (with the uniqueness of a minimal \(TK\) up to congruence and an appropriate stability result) the authors find the (sharp) projection inequalities \[ {\partial_K\over 2n}|K|^{n-1\over n}\leq\bigl|P_\theta (K)\bigr |\leq{\partial_K \over 2\sqrt n}|K|^{n-1 \over n} \] for every \(\theta\in S^{n-1}\) \((P_\theta\) orthogonal projection along \(\theta)\) as a direct consequence for a body \(K\) with isotropic \(\sigma_K\). In a much more sophisticated manner they also prove, using methods of K. Ball and estimates for the volume radius of the projection body \(\Pi K\) and the polar projection body \(\Pi^*K\) of \(K\), that hereby even \(c{\partial_K\over\sqrt n} |K|^{n-1\over n}\leq|P_\theta (K)|\) with probability \(\geq 1-{1\over 2^n}\) for a suitable \(c>0\) (independent of \(K\) and \(n)\) while in general \(|K|^{n-1 \over n}\leq \exp({1\over \partial (K)}\int_{S^{n-1}} \log |P_\theta (K)|\sigma_K(d \theta))\) for an isotropic \(\sigma_K\) holds. As a counterpart to the classical isoperimetric inequality \(\partial_K \geq \omega^{1\over n}_nn\) \((\omega_n\) volume of the unit ball) the authors then prove the reverse isoperimetric inequality \(\partial_K\leq{4n^2\over(n!{2n\choose n})^{1\over n}}\backsim en\) for every convex body \(K\). They finally point out many improvements for symmetric bodies, i.e. the sharp inequality \(\partial_K \leq 2n\) (with equality for a cube) which one dues to K. Ball.