Ghost effect for a vapor-vapor mixture (Q450064)

This paper is devoted to the asymptotic analysis of the parameter \(\varepsilon\) of a kinetic system situated at a small Knudsen number regime with given in date boundary conditions \[ \begin{aligned} \xi \frac{\partial}{\partial x}f^{A}(x,v)&=\frac{1}{\varepsilon}Q(f^{A},f^{A})(x,v) +Q(f^{A},f^{B})(x,v), \\ \xi \frac{\partial}{\partial x}f^{B}(x,v)&=\frac{1}{\varepsilon}Q(f^{B},f^{A})(x,v) +Q(f^{B},f^{B})(x,v), \\ x&\in [-1,+1],\quad v\in \mathbb{R}^3\end{aligned} \] with \(\varepsilon=\frac{\sqrt{\pi}}{2}K_n=\frac{\sqrt{\pi}l}{4}\), \(l=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}\pi d^2n_{I}}\). \(l\) is the mean free path of the vapor molecules in the equilibrium state at rest with temperature \(T_{I}\) and density \(n_{I}\), \(K_{n}\) is the Knudsen number and \(d\) corresponds to the diameter of the molecule. \(Q\) is a collision operator and is defined by \[ Q(f,g)(x,v)=\int_{\mathbb{R}^3}\int_{S^2}B(v-v_{*},\omega)[f'g'_{*}-fg_*]d\omega dv_{*}, \] with \[ f_{*}=f(x,v_{*}),\quad;f'=f(x,v'),\quad f'_{*}=f(x,v_{*}). \] \(v\), \(v_{*}\) and \(v'\), \(v'_{*}\) are the post-collisional and the pre-collisional velocities in an elastic collision: \[ v'= v-\langle v-v_{*},\omega\rangle\omega,\quad v'_{*}=v_{*} +\langle v-v_{*},\omega\rangle\omega. \] The velocity \(v\in \mathbb{R}^3\) has the coordinates \((\xi,\eta,\chi)\), \(\langle,\rangle\) denotes the Euclidean scalar product in \(\mathbb{R}^3\), and \(\omega\in S^2\) represented by the polar angle (with axis along \(v-v_{*}\)) and the azimuthal angle \(\phi.\) The function \(B(v-v_{*},\omega)=|\langle v-v_{*},\omega\rangle|\) is the collision kernel of the collision operator \(Q\) considered in the situation of the hard-sphere. The boundary condition for the \(A\) and \(B\) components satisfy the following in data profile \[ \begin{aligned} f^{A}(-1,v)&=\frac{p^{A}_{I}/T_{I}}{(\pi T_{I})^{\frac{3}{2}}}\exp(-\frac{v^2}{T_{I}}), \quad \xi>0,\\ f^{A}(1,v)&=\frac{p^{A}_{II}/T_{II}}{(\pi T_{II})^{\frac{3}{2}}}\exp(-\frac{v^2}{T_{II}}), \quad \xi<0, \\ f^{B}(-1,v)&=\frac{p^{B}_{I}/T_{I}}{(\pi T_{I})^{\frac{3}{2}}}\exp(-\frac{v^2}{T_{I}}), \quad \xi>0, \\ f^{B}(1,v)&=\frac{p^{B}_{II}/T_{II}}{(\pi T_{II})^{\frac{3}{2}}}\exp(-\frac{v^2}{T_{II}}), \quad \xi<0. \end{aligned} \] \(T_{I}\) (resp., \(T_{II}\)) represents the temperature of the condensed phase situated at \(x=-1\) (resp., \(x=1\)) and \(p^{\alpha}_I\) is the saturation pressure of species \(\alpha\) at temperature \(T_{I}\) (resp., \(T_{II}\)). \(T_{I}=p^{A}_{I}=1\). Moreover, the pressures satisfy the relation \(p^{A}_{II}=p^{B}_{I}+1-p^{B}_{II}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{\pi}}\triangle\varepsilon,\) where \(\triangle\) is a nonzero constant of order \(O(1)\) giving rise to the ghost-effect.