When is the self-intersection of a subvariety a fibration? (Q452047)

Given a closed embedding of smooth schemes \(i: X\hookrightarrow Y\), the derived intersection \(W=X\times_Y^R X\) can be thought of as the scheme \(X\) with structure sheaf replaced by a structure complex, which is a commutative differential graded (dg) algebra with certain properties. An object \(E\in \mathrm{D}(X)\) concentrated in strictly positive degrees can be regarded as a linear fibration over \(X\) by considering the dg-scheme over \(X\) with the symmetric algebra \(\mathbb{S}(E^\vee)\) of the dual of \(E\) as structure complex. The paper under review studies the question under which conditions the object \(i^*i_*\mathcal{O}_X\) is of the form \(\mathbb{S}(E^\vee)\) for some \(E\in \mathrm{D}(X)\). The main result gives the following necessary and sufficient criterion. Namely, the derived self-intersection \(W\) fibers over \(X\) if and only if the closed embedding \(i: X\rightarrow Y\) satisfies condition \((\ast)\), namely that the normal bundle \(N=N_{X|Y}\) extends to a vector bundle \(N'\) on the first infinitesimal neighbourhood \(X'\) of \(X\) in \(Y\). This is equivalent to the vanishing of a map \(\alpha_N: N\rightarrow N\otimes N^\vee[2]\) whose definition involves the Atiyah class. If \((\ast)\) holds, there is an isomorphism \(i^*i_*\mathcal{O}_X\cong \mathbb{S}(N^\vee[1])=\bigoplus_j \bigwedge^j N^\vee[j]\). In the first section the authors prove the ``if'' part of the theorem by first constructing a global morphism of algebra objects \(i^*i_*\mathcal{O}_X\rightarrow \mathbb{S}(N^\vee[1])\) and then proving that it is an isomorphism by checking this locally. The next section is devoted to proving the reverse implication. Namely, the authors check that the map \(\alpha_N\) vanishes. Section 3 presents an alternative point of view on the class \(\alpha\) which arises from the existence of a natural Lie algebra structure on \(N[-2]\). Lastly, the authors give an explicit example of a closed embedding where condition \((\ast)\) is not satisfied, namely when \(X=\mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1\), \(Y=\mathbb{P}^5\) and the embedding is given by the very ample line bundle \(\mathcal{O}(1)\boxtimes\mathcal{O}(2)\).