$\beta$-transformation, natural extension and invariant measure (Q4520570)

Let \(\beta> 1\) be a real number, and consider the \(\beta\)-transformation \(T_\beta\) defined on \([0,1)\) by \[ T_\beta x=\beta x-\lfloor\beta x\rfloor. \] In [Acta Math. Hung. 73, No. 1-2, 97-109 (1996; Zbl 0931.28014)] \textit{K. Dajani}, \textit{C. Kraaikamp} and \textit{B. Solomyak} gave an explicit construction of the natural extension of \(T_\beta\), which can be seen as a transformation on a 3-dimensional space. In this paper, the authors study the set \({\mathcal S}\) of all those \(\beta\) for which the natural extension of \(T_\beta\) can be represented by the map \[ {\mathcal T}_\beta(x, y)= \Biggl(T_\beta x, {\lfloor\beta x\rfloor+ y\over \beta}\Biggr) \] defined on a simply connected subset of the unit square, and with invariant measure a constant multiple of the 2-dimensional Lebesgue measure on \([0,1]^2\). They show that \({\mathcal S}\cup\{1\}\) is a perfect nowhere dense set, and that \({\mathcal S}\) has zero Hausdorff dimension.