No label defined (Q4537210)

An associative ring \(R\) with identity is called Baer (resp. right Rickart) if the right annihilator of every nonempty subset (resp. singleton) of \(R\) is generated, as a right ideal, by an idempotent. The Baer-type annihilator conditions in the class of left nearrings are defined in [\textit{G. F. Birkenmeier} and \textit{F.-K. Huang}, Commun. Algebra 29, No. 5, 2097-2112 (2001; Zbl 0990.16033)]. Let \(N\) be a left nearring: (1) \(N\in{\mathcal B}_{r1}\) if for any nonempty subset \(S\) of \(N\) there exists an idempotent \(e\in N\) such that \(r(S)=eN\); (2) \(N\in{\mathcal B}_{r2}\) if for any nonempty subset \(S\) of \(N\) there exists an idempotent \(e\in N\) such that \(r(S)=r(e)\); (3) \(N\in{\mathcal B}_{\ell 1}\) if for any nonempty subset \(S\) of \(N\) there exists an idempotent \(e\in N\) such that \(\ell(S)=Ne\); (4) \(N\in{\mathcal B}_{\ell 2}\) if for any nonempty subset \(S\) of \(N\) there exists an idempotent \(e\in N\) such that \(\ell(S)=\ell(e)\), where \(r(-)\) and \(\ell(-)\) are the right annihilator and the left annihilator, respectively. When \(S\) is a singleton, the Rickart-type annihilator conditions on left nearrings are also defined and denoted similarly except that \(\mathcal B\) is replaced by \(\mathcal R\). Various annihilator conditions such as \({\mathcal B}_{r1}\), \({\mathcal B}_{r2}\), \({\mathcal B}_{\ell 1}\), and \({\mathcal B}_{\ell 2}\) on formal power series in which addition and substitution are used as operations are investigated. This process is not as routine as in the ring case because the substitution of one formal power series into another may not be well-defined. Let \({\mathcal E}(\mathbb{C})=({\mathcal E}(\mathbb{C}),+,\circ)\) denote the left nearring of entire functions on the complex number field \(\mathbb{C}\), where \(\circ\) is the composition of maps, and let \(R_0[[x]]=(R_0[[x]],+,\circ)\) denote the left nearring of the formal power series with positive orders using the operations of addition \(+\) and the substitution \(\circ\). There are several interesting results in this paper. For example: (1) \({\mathcal E}(\mathbb{C})\) is in \({\mathcal R}_{r2}\) but not in \({\mathcal B}_{r2}\); (2) Assume that \(R\) is a reduced ring. Then (i) \(R\in{\mathcal B}_{r1}\) if and only if \(R_0[[x]]\in{\mathcal B}_{\ell 1}\) and (ii) \(R\in{\mathcal B}_{r2}\) if and only if \(R_0[[x]]\in{\mathcal B}_{\ell 2}\); (3) Assume that \(R\) is a reduced ring. Then (i) if \(R\) is Baer, \(R_0[[x]]\in{\mathcal B}_{r1}\cap{\mathcal B}_{r2}\cap{\mathcal B}_{\ell 1}\cap{\mathcal B}_{\ell 2}\) and (ii) if \(R_0[[x]]\in{\mathcal B}_{r1}\cup{\mathcal B}_{r2}\cup{\mathcal B}_{\ell 1}\cup{\mathcal B}_{\ell 2}\), then \(R\) is Baer; (4) Assume that \(R\) is a reduced ring. Then the ordinary formal power series ring \(R[[x]]\) is Baer if and only if \(R_0[[x]]\in{\mathcal B}_{r1}\cup{\mathcal B}_{r2}\cup{\mathcal B}_{\ell 1}\cup{\mathcal B}_{\ell 2}\) if and only if \(R_0[[x]]\in{\mathcal B}_{r1}\cap{\mathcal B}_{r2}\cap{\mathcal B}_{\ell 1}\cap{\mathcal B}_{\ell 2}\).