Bigraded invariants for real curves (Q470702)

A proper smooth algebraic curve \(\Sigma\) defines a compact Riemann surface \(\Sigma(\mathbb{C})\) with an action of the group of order two \(\mathcal{G}=\mathrm{Gal}(\mathbb{C}/\mathbb{R})\). The fixed points under this action are the real points \(\Sigma(\mathbb{R})\). In this paper two cohomological invariants of \(\Sigma\) are calculated, the bigraded commutative ring \(\mathcal{G}\)-equivariant cohomology of \(\Sigma(\mathbb{C})\) and the integral Deligne cohomology of \(\Sigma\). Furthermore it is conjectured that these structures detect the motivic torsion classes. These two rings are given in terms of three values: the genus \(k\) of \(\Sigma\), the number of components \(r\) of \(\Sigma(\mathbb{R})\) and whether \(\Sigma(\mathbb{C}) \setminus \Sigma(\mathbb{R})\) is connected. (Recall that these values determine the equivariant homeomorphism type of \(\Sigma(\mathbb{C})\).)