Weighted variation inequalities for differential operators and singular integrals (Q477049)

Given a function \(f\) on \(\mathbb{Z}\) define: \[ A_{N}^{+}(f)(n)=\frac{1}{N+1}\sum_{i=0}^{N} f(n+i) \] and \(\mathcal{A}^{+}(f)(n)=\left\{A_{N}^{+}(n):N\geq 0\right\}\). For \(1\leq q<\infty\) and \(a=\{a_N:N\geq 0\}\) the \(q\)-variation of \(a\) is defined as: \[ \left\| a\right\|_{v_q}=\sup\left(\sum_{j=0}^\infty \left| a_{N_j}-a_{N_{j+1}}\right|^q\right)^{\frac{1}{q}} \] with the supremum taken over all increasing sequences \(\{N_j\}\) of non-negative integers. Finally, let \(\mathcal{V}_q\mathcal{A}^+(f)(n)=\left\| \mathcal{A}^{+}(f)(n)\right\|_{v_q}\). A non-negative weight function belongs to the class \(A_p^{+}\), \((1<p<\infty)\), if there is a constant \(C\) so that: \[ \sum_{i=0}^k w(n+i)\left(\sum_{i=k}^{2k} w(n+i)^{-\frac{1}{p-1}}\right)^{p-1}\leq C (k+1)^p\quad \forall n\in\mathbb{Z}, k\geq 0. \] One of the main theorems obtained in this paper is that for \(1<p<\infty\) the operator \(\mathcal{V}_q\mathcal{A}^{+}\) is bounded on \(\ell^p(\mathbb{Z},w)\) if and only if \(w\in A_p^{+}\). Results in the continuous setting are obtained. Related results for Calderón-Zygmund operators are also provided under the constraint \(2<q<\infty\) and for weights in \(A_p\).