No label defined (Q4798537)

This interesting paper is devoted to the discontinuous implicit abstract Cauchy problem \[ Lu= G(t, u,Lu),\quad t\in (0,T),\quad u(0)= u_0, \] where \(Lu:= u'+ Au- F(t,u)\), \(A: D(A)\subset X\to X\) is a densely defined linear operator on an ordered Banach space \((X,|\cdot|,\leq)\) with normal cone, \(u_0\in X\), \(F: (0,T)\times X\to X\) and \(G: (0,T)\times X\times X\to X\). Let \(\omega\geq 0\) be such that for almost every \(t\in (0,T)\), \(F(t, u_1)- F(t, u_2)\leq -\omega(u_1- u_2)\) whenever \(u_1\leq u_2\). Under appropriate assumptions, the operator \(-(A+\omega I)\) generates a continuous semigroup of linear nonexpansive and positive operators on \(X\) denoted by \((S(t), t> 0)\). The operator \(\widetilde L: D(L)\subset C([0, T]; X)\to L^1(0, T; X)\times X\) is defined as follows \[ \widetilde Lu= (\omega, \omega_0)\Leftrightarrow u(t)= S(t)\omega_0+ \int^t_0 S(t- s)[\omega(s)+ F(s, u(s))+ \omega u(s)] ds. \] It can be proved that \(\widetilde L\) is well defined and bijective. We say that \(\underline u\in D(L)\) is a mild lower solution to the problem if \(\widetilde L\underline u(t)\leq (G(t, \underline u(t),L\underline u(t)), u_0)\) for almost all \(t\in (0,T)\). It is clear how we define a mild upper solution \(\overline u\) and a mild solution to the problem. The main result of the paper is the following theorem: the Cauchy problem has minimal and maximal solutions in \(\{u\in D(L):\widetilde L\underline u\leq\widetilde Lu\leq\widetilde L\overline u\}\) which are monotone increasing with respect to \(F\), \(G\) and \(u_0\). The special case, namely, the problem \(u'+ Au= G(t, a)\), \(t\in (0,T)\), \(u(0)= u_0\), is also considered. Then, under suitable assumptions, the extremal mild solutions can be obtained as limits of some monotone sequences ``starting'' with \(\underline u\) or \(\overline u\), respectively. An application of the abstract results is given to the problem \[ \partial u/\partial t-\Delta u= f(u)\text{ a.e. in }\Omega\times (0,T),\;u(x,0)= u_0(x)\text{ in }\Omega,\;u(x, t)= 0\text{ on }\partial\Omega\times (0,T), \] where \(u_0\in C_0(\Omega)\), \(\Omega\) is a bounded open subset of \(\mathbb{R}^n\), regular in the sense of Wiener and \(f\) satisfies some conditions.