Construction géométrique des générateurs de l'algèbre cohomologique de Hall du double d'un carquois (Q479946)

The cohomological Hall algebra (CoHA) of a double quiver is a free supercommutative algebra, according to Kontsevich, Soibelman, and Efimov [\textit{M. Kontsevich} and \textit{Y. Soibelman}, Commun. Number Theory Phys. 5, No. 2, 231--352 (2011; Zbl 1248.14060)]; [\textit{A. I. Efimov}, Compos. Math. 148, No. 4, 1133--1146 (2012; Zbl 1273.14113)]. In this paper, the author confirms a conjecture of Hausel which gives a geometric realization of the generating vector spaces of the CoHA. Let \(Q = (I,\Omega)\) be the double of a finite quiver \(Q_0 = (I,\Omega_0)\), where \(I\) is a set of vertices, \(\Omega_0\) a set of arrows between the vertices, and \(\Omega = \Omega_0\sqcup\Omega_0^{\text{op}}\) with \(\Omega_0^{\text{op}}\) obtained by reversing all the arrows in \(\Omega_0\). Assume that \(Q\) be without potential, with 0-stability condition, and denote by \(a_{ij}\) the number of arrows from its vertex \(i\) to its vertex \(j\). For any dimension vector \(\gamma = (\gamma^i)_{i\in I}\in\mathbb{Z}^I_{\geq 0}\), the complex algebraic group \(G_\gamma = \prod_{i\in I}\text{GL}_{\gamma^i}(\mathbb{C})\) acts on the affine \(\mathbb{C}\)-variety \(M_\gamma\cong\bigoplus_{i,j\in I} \mathbb{C}^{a_{ij}\gamma^i\gamma^j}\) of all representations of \(Q\) in coordinate vector spaces \(\mathbb{C}^{\gamma^i}\) and this action factors through the action of the quotient group \(PG_\gamma = G_\gamma/\mathbb{C}^\ast\text{Id}_n\), where \(n = \sum_{i\in I}\gamma^i\). The CoHA of \(Q\) is an associative algebra structure on the \(\mathbb{Z}^I_{\geq 0}\)-graded \(\mathbb{Q}\)-vector space \(\mathcal H = \bigoplus_{\gamma\in\mathbb{Z}^I_{\geq 0}}\mathcal H^\ast_{G_\gamma}(M_\gamma,\mathbb{Q}),\) where \(\mathcal H^\ast_{G_\gamma}(M_\gamma,\mathbb{Q})\) is the equivariant cohomology of \(M_\gamma\) with \(G_\gamma\)-action and coefficients in \(\mathbb{Q}\). Since \(Q\) is symmetric, \(\mathcal H\) may be made into a \((\mathbb{Z}^I_{\geq 0}\times\mathbb{Z})\)-graded algebra and the product on \(\mathcal H\) may be modified by a sign to give a free supercommutative algebra \((\mathcal H,\star)\) with parity induced by the \(\mathbb{Z}\)-grading. This algebra is generated by a \((\mathbb{Z}^I_{\geq 0}\times\mathbb{Z})\)-graded \(\mathbb{Q}\)-vector space \(V\) of the form \(V = V^{\text{prim}}\otimes\mathbb{Q}[x]\), where \(x\) is a variable of bidegree \((0, 2)\in\mathbb{Z}^I_{\geq 0}\times\mathbb{Z}\) and, for any \(\gamma\in\mathbb{Z}^I_{\geq 0}\), the vector space \(V^{\text{prim}}_{\gamma,k}\) is finite-dimensional for all \(k\in\mathbb{Z}\) and nonzero only for finitely many \(k\in\mathbb{Z}\). The representation space \(M_\gamma\) of the double quiver \(Q\) is endowed with a \(G_\gamma\)-invariant holomorphic symplectic form \(\omega\) with a corresponding moment map \(\mu: M_\gamma\rightarrow\mathfrak{g}^0_\gamma\), where \(\mathfrak{g}_\gamma^0\) is the trace 0 part of the Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}_\gamma\) of \(G_\gamma\). The author proves the following conjecture of Tamás Hausel: if \(\mathcal O\) is the \(G_\gamma\)-orbit of a suitable generic regular semisimple element of \(\mathfrak{g}_\gamma^0\) and \(W_\gamma\) is the Weyl group of \(G_\gamma\), then the group \(PG_\gamma\) acts freely on \(\mu^{-1}(\mathcal O)\), the geometric quotient \(\mu^{-1}(\mathcal O)/PG_\gamma\) is a smooth quasi-projective algebraic variety, and the cohomological groups \(H^k(\mu^{-1}(\mathcal O)/PG_\gamma,\mathbb{Q})^{W_\gamma}\) are geometric realizations of the generating vector spaces \(V^{\text{prim}}_{\gamma,k+\chi_Q(\gamma,\gamma)}\) of \((\mathcal H,\star)\), where \(\chi_Q\) is the Euler form of \(Q\) defined by \[ \chi_Q(\gamma_1,\gamma_2) = \sum_{i\in I}\gamma_1^i\gamma_2^i - \sum_{i,j\in I}a_{ij}\gamma_1^i\gamma_2^j \qquad (\gamma_1,\gamma_2\in\mathbb{Z}^I_{\geq 0}). \] Explicitly, \[ V^{\text{prim}}_{\gamma,k+\chi_Q(\gamma,\gamma)} \cong H^k(\mu^{-1}(\mathcal O)/PG_\gamma,\mathbb{Q})^{W_\gamma} \] for all \(k\in\mathbb{Z}\).