Linearly similar Szökefalvi-Nagy–Foias model in a domain (Q4810539)

The paper deals with a linearly similar functional model for linear operators. Let \(\Omega_{\text{int}}\) and \(\Omega_{\text{ext}}\) be open disjoint sets in \({\mathbb C}\) such that \({\mathbb C}=\Omega_{\text{int}}\cup\Gamma\cup\Omega_{\text{ext}}\), where \(\Gamma\) is a union of finitely many piecewise smooth contours, and let \(\delta\) be an operator valued \(H^\infty(\Omega_{\text{int}})\) function such that \(\delta^{-1}\) is meromorphic on \(\Omega_{\text{int}}\) and uniformly bounded a.e. on \(\Gamma\). In the scalar case, the model space \({\mathcal H}(\delta)\) is defined as a Hilbert space of functions \(f\) from the Smirnov class \(E^2(\Omega_{\text{ext}})\) which are meromorphic on \(\Omega_{\text{int}}\) and satisfy \(\delta f| _{\Omega_{\text{int}}}\in E^2(\Omega_{\text{int}})\), \(f_{\text{int}}=f_{\text{ext}}\) a.e. on \(\Gamma\). The author investigates the operators which are linearly similar to the operator of multiplication by \(z\) in some quotient space \(E^2(\Omega_{\text{int}})/\delta E^2(\Omega_{\text{int}})\). In this case, the function \(\delta\) is called a generalized characteristic function of \(A\). If \(\Omega_{\text{int}}\) is a simply connected domain and \(\delta\) is a \(*\)-inner function, then this model is related to the Sz.-Nagy-Foias model. In the case of a multiply connected domain, generalizations of the Sz.-Nagy-Foias model were considered by {\textit{J. A. Ball} [J. Oper. Theory 1, 3--25 (1979; Zbl 0435.47035)], \textit{S. McCullough} [Integral Equations Oper. Theory 35, No. 1, 65--84 (1999; Zbl 0935.47007)], and by \textit{B. Pavlov} [St. Petersbg. Math. J. 6, No. 3, 619--633 (1995; Zbl 0839.47007)]. As examples, the author considers \(C_{0\cdot}\) contractions and dissipative operators in Hilbert spaces, differentiation with nondissipative boundary conditions, generators of systems with delay, and calculates the corresponding characteristic functions. The relationship with the exact controllability of linear systems is studied. An important feature of the theory is the duality of models. The reproducing kernel method is applied in order to calculate the corresponding characteristic function \(\delta\) via duality. The problem of nonuniqueness of linearly similar models is also discussed.}