Knots in lattice homology (Q484255)

In low dimensional topology it is important to find simple computational schemes for the recently defined invariants. In [Geom. Topol. 7, 185--224 (2003; Zbl 1130.57302)], \textit{P.~Ozsváth} and \textit{Z.~Szabó} presented a computational scheme for \(HF^-(\partial X_G)\). For a negative-definite four-manifold \(X_G\) obtained by plumbing together disc-bundles according to a decorated graph \(G\) and a vertex \(v\) of \(G\), let \(d(v)\) be the Euler number of the disc bundle corresponding to \(v\). If \(-d(v)\) is less than the number of edges adjoining \(v\), \(v\) is called a bad vertex. When \(G\) has at most one such vertex, the authors gave a completely algorithmic technique for computing \(HF^-(\partial X_G)\). In [Geom. Topol. 9, 991--1042 (2005; Zbl 1138.57301)], \textit{A.~Némethi} extended this result to a new invariant lattice homology, and the conjecture that lattice homology determines the Heegaard Floer groups when the underlying \(3\)-manifold is given by a negative definite plumbing of spheres along a tree was presented. Common features have been verified for both invariants including a spectral sequence which connects the two invariants. In this paper, the authors extend these similarities by introducing filtrations on lattice homologies induced by vertices. If \(\Gamma_{v_0}\) is a given tree with each vertex \(v\) in \(\text{Vert}(\Gamma_{v_0})-\{v_0\}\) equipped with a weight \(m_v\in \mathbb Z\) and the intersection matrix of \(G=\Gamma_{v_0}-\{v_0\}\) is negative definite, then the authors define a filtration \(\mathbb{MCF}^\infty(\Gamma_{v_0})\) of \(\Gamma_{v_0}\), called the master complex, on the chain complex defining the lattice homology of \(G\). They prove that the master complex \(\mathbb{MCF}^\infty(\Gamma_{v_0})\) determines the lattice homology of all negative definite framed trees obtained from \(\Gamma_{v_0}\) by attaching framings to \(v_0\). Also, they present new families of graphs with arbitrarily many bad vertices for which the lattice homology groups are isomorphic to the corresponding Heegaard Floer homology groups.