Lagrangian cobordism and Fukaya categories (Q484468)

If \(M\) is a symplectic manifold and \({\mathcal L}\) is a class of Lagrangian submanifolds of \(M\), then a Floer homology associates to a pair of Lagrangians \(L, L'\in {\mathcal L}\) a \(\mathbb Z_2\)-vector space \(HF(L,L')\). If \(L\) is transverse to \(L'\), then there is the homology of a chain complex \(CF(L,L')\), called the Floer complex. For a third Lagrangian \(L''\in {\mathcal L}\) there is a product \(CF(L,L')\otimes CF(L',L'')\to CF(L,L'')\) that is defined by counting \(J\)-holomorphic triangles whose edges are mapped to \(L\), \(L'\), and \(L''\), where \(J\) is an almost complex structure on \(M\). There is the Donaldson category of \(M\) whose objects are the Lagrangians in \({\mathcal L}\) and with morphisms \(\text{Mor}_{\text{Don}}(L,L')=HF(L,L')\), where the composition of morphisms is given by the triangle product. Taking into account the chain level data involving moduli spaces of \(J\)-holomorphic polygons with arbitrary number of edges, Fukaya defined a much richer algebraic structure \(\mathcal{F}uk(M)\), called the Fukaya \(A_\infty\)-category. There is a triangulated completion of the Donaldson category to a true category called the derived Fukaya category and denoted by \(D\mathcal{F}uk(M)\). In [Funkts. Anal. Prilozh. 14, No. 3, 1--13 (1980; Zbl 0448.57017)], \textit{V.~I.~Arnol'd} defined a Lagrangian cobordism \((V;L_1\cup\dots\cup L_k,L)\) as a Lagrangian submanifold of \(V\subset\mathbb R^2\times M\) with \(k+1\)-cylindrical ends so that there are \(k\) negative ends, each identified with \((-\infty,0]\times\{i\}\times L_i\) and one positive end identified with \([1,\infty)\times\{1\}\times L\). In [J. Am. Math. Soc. 26, No. 2, 295--340 (2013; Zbl 1272.53071)], the present authors considered the category \(\mathcal{C}ob(M)\) whose objects are finite ordered families of Lagrangian submanifolds of \(M\) that belong to the class \({\mathcal L}\), and the morphisms are isotopy classes of certain Lagrangian cobordisms, possibly multi-ended. The geometric category \(\mathcal{C}ob(M)\) is monoidal under disjoint union but is not triangulated. To relate the morphisms in \(\mathcal{C}ob(M)\) to the triangular decompositions in \(D\mathcal{F}uk(M)\) the authors consider a category \(T^SD\mathcal{F}uk(M)\) that is obtained from \(D\mathcal{F}uk(M)\). The goal of \(T^SD\mathcal{F}uk(M)\) is to encode the triangular decompositions in \(D\mathcal{F}uk(M)\) as morphisms in a category that can serve as target to a functor defined on \(\mathcal{C}ob(M)\). In this paper, the authors establish the fundamental correspondence between cobordism and the triangulated structure of the derived Fukaya category. They show that if \(V\) is a Lagrangian cobordism, then there exist \(k\) objects \(Z_1,\dots,Z_k\) in \(D\mathcal{F}uk(M)\) with \(Z_1=L_1\) and \(Z_k\cong L\) which fit into \(k-1\) exact triangles as follows \(L_i\to Z_{i-1}\to Z_i\to L_i\) with \(2\leq i\leq k\). In particular, \(L\) belongs to the triangulated subcategory of \(D\mathcal{F}uk(M)\) generated by \(L_1\), \(L_2,\dots,L_k\). Also, they prove that there exists a monoidal functor \(\widetilde{\mathcal F}:\mathcal{C}ob(M)\to T^SD\mathcal{F}\), with the property that \(\widetilde{\mathcal F}(L)=L\) for every Lagrangian submanifold \(L\in{\mathcal L}\).