BMO-estimation and almost everywhere exponential summability of quadratic partial sums of double Fourier series (Q485329)

Let \(f\in L^1(\mathbb T^2)\) be a function on the two-dimensional torus \(\mathbb T^2\). The quadratic partial sums of the double Fourier series of \(f\) are defined as \[ S_{nn}(x,y,f):=\sum_{j=-n} ^n \sum_{k=-n} ^n \hat f(j,k) e^{i(jx+ky)}, \] where the Fourier coefficients of \(f\) are defined as \[ \hat f(j,k) := \frac{1}{(2\pi)^2} \iint_{\mathbb T^2} f(x,y)e^{-i(jx+ky)}dxdy. \] It was shown in [\textit{S. V. Konyagin}, Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 190, 107--121 (1992); translation from Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova 190, 102--116 (1989; Zbl 0824.42005)] that for every \(\epsilon>0\) there exists a function \(f\in L (LogL)^{1-\epsilon}(\mathbb T^2)\) such that \[ \lim_{n\to +\infty} \frac{1}{n+1} \sum_{k=0} ^n |S_{kk}(x,y,f)-f(x,y)|\neq 0 \] almost everywhere. The authors show, however, that if \(f\in LLogL(\mathbb T^2)\) then for every \(A>0\) we have that \[ \lim_{n\to +\infty} \frac{1}{n+1} \sum_{k=0} ^n \big(\exp(A|S_{kk}(x,y,f)-f(x,y)|)-1\big)=0 \] almost everywhere in \(\mathbb T^2\). The authors first prove a certain BMO-type estimate for \(\{S_{nn}f\}_n\) and derive the exponential summability result described above as a consequence of the BMO estimate and the John-Nirenberg theorem. The main result of the paper in hand extends the corresponding result for one-dimensional Fourier series proved in [\textit{V. A. Rodin}, Anal. Math. 16, No. 4, 291--302 (1990; Zbl 0731.42013)]. The authors also provide a more general version of their summability theorem where the exponential function \(e^{Au}-1\), which is implicit in the summability theorem, is replaced by any increasing function \(\psi:[0,\infty)\to[0,\infty)\) which satisfies \(\lim_{u\to 0}\psi(u)=\psi(0)=0\) and \(\limsup_{u\to \infty} \frac{\log \psi(u)}{u}<\infty.\)