Equidistribution of preimages over nonarchimedean fields for maps of good reduction (Q486815)

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field. Let \(X\) be an irreducible projective variety over \(k\) and \(f: X\rightarrow X\) an endomorphism of \(X\). The dynamical system \((X, f)\) is called polarized if there is an ample line bundle \(L\) on \(X\) such that the pull-back \(f^*L\) is isomorphic to \(L^d\) for some integer \(d\geq 1\). The integer \(d\) is called the (algebraic) degree of \(f\). When \(X\) is an irreducible complex projective variety and the degree of \(f\) is at least \(2\), the famous equidistribution of preimages theorem over \(\mathbb{C}\) states that there exist an \(f\)-invariant measure \(\mu_f\) on \(X\) and a proper Zariski closed subset \(\mathcal{E}_f \subset X\) such that the iterated preimages of any \(x\in X\setminus \mathcal{E}_f \) equidistribute with respect to \(\mu_f\). The present paper contributes to the nonarchimedean analogues of the equidistribution theorem. For such an analogue, one needs to lift the dynamics from \(X\) to its Berkovich analytification \(X^{\mathrm{an}}\) which is locally compact, Hausdorff and locally path-connected. Let \(K\) be an algebraically closed complete nonarchimedean field and let \(k\) be the residue field of \(K\). Denote by \(\mathbb{P}^r_K\) and \(\mathbb{P}^r_k\) respectively the \(r\)-dimensional projective spaces over \(K\) and \(k\). Their Berkovich analytifications will be denoted by \(\mathbb{P}^{r, {\mathrm{an}}}_K\) and \(\mathbb{P}^{r, {\mathrm{an}}}_k\). Let \(f: \mathbb{P}^{r}_K \rightarrow \mathbb{P}^{r}_K\) be a morphism of degree \(d\geq 2\) with good reduction and \(\tilde{f} : \mathbb{P}^{r}_k \rightarrow \mathbb{P}^{r}_k\) be the reduction of \(f\). The main theorem of the present paper shows that if the characteristic of \(k\) does not divide \(d\), then there exists a maximal proper Zariski closed subset \(\mathcal{E} \subset \mathbb{P}^{r}_k \) such that \(\tilde{f}^{-1}(\mathcal{E})=\mathcal{E}\), and for every \(x\in \mathbb{P}^{r, {\mathrm{an}}}_K\) whose reduction does not lie in \(\mathcal{E}\), the iterated preimages of \(x\) equidistribute to the Dirac probability measure supported at the Gauss point of \(\mathbb{P}^{r, {\mathrm{an}}}_K\). In particular, assume that \(K\) is equipped with the trivial absolute value. Let \(X\) be a smooth irreducible projective variety over \(K\) and \(f\) a separable polarized morphism on \(X\) of degree \(d\geq 2\). Let \(\mathcal{O}_X\) be the structure shelf of \(X\). For \(x\in X\), the local ring at \(x\) is denoted by \(\mathcal{O}_{X,x}\) and its maximal ideal is denoted by \(\mathfrak{m}_x\). A point \(v\in X^{\mathrm{an}}\) is called tame if the reduction of \(v\), denoted by \(\xi\), satisfies that there exists a constant \(C\), such that \(v(\varphi) \leq C \cdot \max\{n: \varphi \in \mathfrak{m}_{\xi}^n\}\) for all \(\varphi\in \mathcal{O}_{X,\xi}\). It is also proved in the paper that the preimages of any tame point in \(X^{\mathrm{an}}\) equidistribute to the Dirac measure at the Gauss point of \(X^{\mathrm{an}}\).