Flat Morley sequences (Q4934038)

The existence and uniqueness of prime models over arbitrary or suitable sets, if valid, provide basic tools towards the structural analysis of models of a first-order theory. For instance, they can be used in the proof of Vaught's Conjecture in the \(\omega\)-stable setting, or for superstable theories of finite rank. But they may fail even for arbitrary superstable theories. So alternative approaches have to be explored in this enlarged framework. In this paper, two notions (\(\tau\)-atomicity and flat Morley sequences) are proposed, and existence (and uniqueness) of \(\tau\)-atomic models is shown over flat Morley sequences. In detail, consider a small superstable theory \(T\). First the author defines a notion of \(\tau\)-isolation in the following way. Let \(Q\) and \(B\) be complete subsets of the monster model \(U\) of \(T\); a complete type \(p\) over \(Q\) is called \(\tau\)-isolated over \(B\) if the orbit of \(p\) under the group of automorphisms of \(U\) fixing \(Q\) setwise and \(B\) pointwise is not meager. Notice that, when \(Q\) is a type-definable subset of some countable model of \(T\), \(\tau\)-isolation just equals the notion of \(Q\)-isolation, formerly proposed by the author in a previous paper. Now say that a model \(M \supseteq Q\) is \(\tau\)-atomic over \(\{ Q \}\) when every element \(a \in M\) has a \(\tau\)-isolated typer over \(Q\). One can easily realize that this kind of atomicity satisfies the usual properties; for instance, if \(\tau\)-isolated types are dense in \(S_n(Q)\) for each positive integer \(n\), then there is a \(\tau\)-atomic model over \(\{ Q \}\); and a countable \(\tau\)-atomic model over \(\{ Q \}\) is unique up to isomorphism fixing \(Q\) setwise. Secondly the author introduces the notion of flat Morley sequence in a complete type \(p\) over a finite set \(Q\). This is a sequence \(\{ a_n: n \in \omega \}\) of realizations of \(p\) satisfying the following conditions: (i) \(\{ a_n: n \in \omega \}\) is independent with respect to a concept of multiplicial independence refining forking; (ii) \(\{ \text{tp}(a_n/ \text{acl} (Q)): n \in \omega \}\) is dense among the types over \(\text{acl}(Q)\) of realizations of \(p\). When \(p\) is stationary, flat Morley sequences are just the countably infinite Morley sequences in \(p\); but, when \(p\) is not stationary, these concepts differ. It is shown that, if \(Q\) is a flat Morley sequence in a type \(p\) over \(\emptyset\), then there is a model \(M\) of \(T\) \(\tau\)-atomic over \(\{ Q \}\). Moreover, under the additional assumption that \(T\) is \(1\)-based and has few countable models, it is proved that every model \(M\) \(\tau\)-atomic over a flat Morley sequence \(Q\) is just atomic over an infinite Morley sequence \(I \subseteq \text{dcl} (Q)\). The final part of the paper is devoted to discussing constructible sets in this setting, and to prove a topological stability conjecture for them.