No label defined (Q4936061)

In a previous paper [Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactes Fis. Nat. Madrid 89, 61-77 (1995; Zbl 0899.11006)] the authors considered the \(r\)-generalized Fibonacci sequence \(\{V_n \}_{n=0}^\infty\), defined by the linear recurrence of order \(r\) \[ V_{n+1}= \alpha_0V_n+ \alpha_1 V_{n-1}+\dots+ \alpha_{r-1} V_{n-r+1} \quad (n\geq r-1), \] where \(\alpha_0,\dots, \alpha_{r-1}\) \((r\geq 2\), \(\alpha_{r-1}\neq 0)\) are some fixed real numbers and \(V_0,\dots, V_{r-1}\) are specified by the initial conditions. They assumed that \(\alpha_i\) \((0\leq i\leq r-1)\) are nonnegative and employed Markov chains to show that the limit of the ratio \(V_n/q^n\) exists if and only if \(\text{GCD} \{i+1; \alpha_i>0\}=1\), where \(q\) is the unique positive root of the characteristic polynomial \(x^r- \alpha_0 x^{r-1}-\dots- \alpha_{r-2}x- \alpha_{r-1}\), and GCD means greatest common divisor. In the present paper, the authors employ again Markov chains and derive the following results: Suppose that \(\alpha_0,\dots, \alpha_{r-1}\) are nonnegative and \(\alpha_0+ \dots+ \alpha_{r-1}=1\). Then, for any \(n\geq r\), \[ V_n= A_0 \rho(n,r)+ A_1 \rho(n-1,r)+ \dots+ A_{r-1} \rho(n-r+1,r), \] where \(A_m= \alpha_{r-1}V_m+\dots+ \alpha_m V_{r-1}\) for \(m=0,1,\dots, r-1\) and the \(\rho(k,r)\) are given by \[ \rho(k,r)= \sum \frac{(k_0+ k_1+\dots+ k_{r-1})!} {(k_0! k_1!\dots k_{r-1}!)} \alpha_0 \alpha_1\dots \alpha_{r-1}, \quad k>r, \] where the sum is taken over all nonnegative integers \(k_0, k_1,\dots, k_{r-1}\) such that \(k_0+ 2k_1+\dots+ rk_{r-1}= k-r\), \(\rho(r,r)=1\), and \(\rho(k,r)=0\) for \(k<r\). Suppose that \(\alpha_0,\dots, \alpha_{r-1}\) are nonnegative and \(\text{GCD} \{i+1; \alpha_i>0\}=1\). Then \(q=\lim [\rho(n,r)]^{1/n}\), as \(n\) converges to infinity.