Characterizations of singularities in characteristic 0 via Frobenius map (Q4938520)

Let \(A\) be a local normal ring of essentially finite type over a field of characteristic 0, with canonical module \(K_A\) and let \(f:X\to Y=\text{Spec} (A)\) be a resolution of singularities of \(A\). Assume that \(K_X=f^* (K_Y)+ \sum^s_{i=1} a_iE_i\), where \(E=\bigcup^s_{i=1} E_i\) is the exceptional divisor and \(a_i\in \mathbb{Q}\). From this relation follows the definition of different classes of singularities (terminal, canonical, log-terminal, log-canonical singularities). Analogous definitions are given via Frobenius morphism in characteristic \(p>0\) (F-terminal, F-canonical, F-regular, F-pure singularities). The author considers mod \(p\) reduction of a ring \(A\) essentially of finite type over a field of characteristic 0 and says that \(A\) has \(\text{F}^{**}\)-type if the reduction mod \(p\) of \(A\) has a singularity \(\text{F}^{**}\) for large \(p\). The aim of this paper is to study relations between \(\text{F}^{**}\)-type and \(\;^{**}\) singularities in characteristic 0. Several good examples are given. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0921.00043].