A constructive method for finding periodic solutions of differential systems (Q4940488)

The problem of finding an \(\omega \)-periodic solution to the \(\omega \)-periodic system \[ \dot{x}=A(t)x+f(t,x) \tag{1} \] is considered. It is assumed that \(B(\omega):=\int_{0}^{\omega }A(\tau) d\tau =0\). The change of variables \(x=[\exp B(t)]y\) transforms (1) to \[ \dot{y}=Q(t)y+\phi (t,x). \tag{2} \] Let \(\Phi(\omega):=\int_{0}^{\omega }Q(\tau) d\tau \) be nondegenerate. In the linear case \((f=f(t))\), substituting \(\lambda Q(t)\) instead of \(Q(t)\), an \(\omega \)-periodic solution is constructed in the form \(y(t,\lambda)=\sum_{k=-1}^{\infty }\lambda ^ky_k(t)\) where \(y_k(t)\) are \(\omega \)-periodic functions. It is proved that \(\lambda =1\) is a point of convergence if \(\gamma \alpha ^2\omega ^2<\mu \). Here, \(\alpha =\max_ t\|Q(t)\|\), \(\gamma =\|\Phi ^{-1}(\omega)\|\) and \(\mu\approx 3.416\) is a root of equation \(z\int_{0}^{1}t\exp(zt(t-1)) dt=1\). In general case, coefficient conditions are found which guarantee the convergence of the following iterative algorithm: \(y_0(t)\equiv 0;\) \[ y_{k+1}(t)=y_{k+1}(0)+\int_{0}^{t}[Q(s)y_k(s)+\phi (s,y_{k-1}(s))] ds; \] \[ \int_{0}^{\omega }[Q(s)y_k(s)+\phi (s,y_{k-1}(s))] ds=0,\;k=1,2,\ldots . \]