On embedding theorems for coinvariant subspaces of the shift operator. I (Q4952772)

Let \(H^p\) denote the Hardy space in the open unit disk \(\mathbb{D}\), \(0< p\leq\infty\). Invariant subspaces of the backward shift operator \(S^*: H^p\to H^p\), \((S^* f)(z)= (f(z)- f(0))z^{- 1}\), can be described in terms of inner functions \(\Theta\). Let \(\Theta^*(H^p)\) be the invariant subspace given by the inner function \(\Theta\). The author is interested in the question when \(\int_{\overline{\mathbb{D}}}|f|^p d\mu< +\infty\) for all \(f\in\Theta^*(H^p)\), where \(\mu\) is a positive Borel measure on \(\overline{\mathbb{D}}\). The last inequality is equivalent to \(\int_{\overline{\mathbb{D}}}|f|^p d\mu< C\|f|H^p\|\) for all \(f\in\Theta^*(H^p)\). This leads to spaces \({\mathcal C}_p(\Theta)\) of all Borel measures \(\mu\) on \(\overline{\mathbb{D}}\) such that \(|\mu|\) satisfies the last inequality. The space \({\mathcal C}_p(\Theta)\) is a Banach space if it is equipped with the norm being the smallest possible constant \(C\) in the last inequality. The relations between spaces \({\mathcal C}_p(\Theta^n)\) for various \(p\) and \(n\) are regarded. In particular, it is proved that \({\mathcal C}_p(\Theta^n)\) does not depend on \(n\) if \(n> p^{-1}\), as well as that the inclusion \({\mathcal C}_q(\Theta)\subset{\mathcal C}_p(\Theta)\) holds if \(1< q< p\). The necessary and sufficient condition for \({\mathcal C}_p(\Theta)\) to coincide with the spaces of all Carleson measures are given. The \({\mathcal C}_p(\Theta)\)-norms of \(\delta\)-measures are estimated. Several other questions, including the rotation invariance of \({\mathcal C}_p(\Theta)\), are investigated. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0934.00031].