Homoclinic tangencies to resonant saddles and discrete Lorenz attractors (Q504032)

Consider a map in three dimensions with a fixed point \(O\), and the eigenvalues of the Jacobian at \(O\) are \(\nu_1=-\nu_2=\lambda\), where \(0<\lambda<1\), and \(\nu_3=\gamma<-1\). Assume that \(-\lambda^2\gamma=1\), i.e., \(O\) is a conservative, resonant saddle. Assume also that for some parameter value there is a quadratic tangency between the unstable and stable manifolds of \(O\). The authors unfold this situation using three parameters: one \(\mu_1\) to control the distance between manifolds, a second \(\mu_2\) to move away from the conservative nature of \(O\), and a third \(\mu_3\) to move away from the resonance \(\nu_1=-\nu_2\). Letting \(\mu=(\mu_1,\mu_2,\mu_3)\), they prove that in any neighbourhood of \(\mu=0\) there exist regions \(\delta_k\) accumulating on \(\mu=0\) as \(k\rightarrow\infty\) such that if \(\mu\in\delta_k\), the \(k\)-th iteration of the map possesses a discrete Lorenz attractor. The proof involves composing a local map near \(O\) with a global map to form a first return map and showing that this map (once coordinates and parameters are rescaled) is asymptotically close to the 3D Hénon map, which has a discrete Lorenz attractor.