On some families of modules for the current algebra (Q513786)

Let \({\mathfrak g}\) be a complex simple Lie algebra. Associated to \({\mathfrak g}\) is the current Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g}[t] := {\mathfrak g}\otimes{\mathbb C}[t]\) (with Lie bracket given by \([g\otimes t^r,g'\otimes t^s] := [g,g']\otimes t^{r+s}\)). Given a finite-dimensional \({\mathfrak g}\)-module \(V\), one can construct in a natural way a graded \({\mathfrak g}[t]\)-module \(V[t] := V\otimes {\mathbb C}[t]\) (with action given by \((g\otimes t^r)\cdot (v\otimes t^s) := (g\cdot v)\otimes t^{r + s}\)). Further, given a positive integer \(m\), this action may be extended to a (graded) action on the \(m\)-fold tensor product \(M := V[t]^{\otimes m}\). The finite symmetric group \({\mathfrak S}_m\) acts on the right on \(M\) by permutations, giving \(M\) the structure of a \({\mathfrak g}[t]\)-\({\mathbb C}{\mathfrak S}_m\)-bimodule. Considering \(M\) as a graded \({\mathfrak g}[t]\)-module, let \(M[k]\) denote the degree \(k\) component of \(M\) (for an integer \(k\)). Recall that the simple modules for the symmetric group \({\mathfrak S}_m\) are parameterized by partitions of \(m\). For a partition \(\gamma\), let \(S(\gamma)\) denote the associated simple \({\mathbb C}{\mathfrak S}_m\)-module. The action of \({\mathfrak S}_m\) on \(M\) preserves the grading, and so each \(M[k]\) may be decomposed into a direct sum of simple \({\mathfrak S}_m\)-modules. The multiplicity of a given \(S(\gamma)\) in the \(k\)th degree of this decomposition is encoded by the module \(\text{Hom}_{{\mathfrak S}_m}(S(\gamma),M[k])\). Set \(B(\gamma,V) := \bigoplus_{k \in {\mathbb Z}}\text{Hom}_{{\mathfrak S}_m}(S(\gamma),M[k])\). As a \({\mathbb C}{\mathfrak S}_m\)-module, \(M\) is a direct sum of all the \(B(\gamma,V)\)s, running over all partitions \(\gamma\). The authors show that each \(B(\gamma,V)\) admits the structure of a graded \({\mathfrak g}[t]\)-module. Further, for each \(B(\gamma,V)\) they construct a certain localization which is a finite-dimensional (graded) \({\mathfrak g}[t]\)-module. The characters of both the original and localized module are determined, and a duality property is obtained on characters relating conjugate partitions and dual modules. Lastly, the authors consider the special case that \({\mathfrak g}\) is a special linear Lie algebra \({\mathfrak sl}_n\) and \(V\) is the associated natural module. In this setting it is shown that the identification of characters involves Kostka numbers.