Balls minimize trace constants in BV (Q521670)

The article deals with the problem of optimal constants \(C_{\mathrm{med}}(\Omega)\) and \(C_{\mathrm{mv}}(\Omega)\) in the Poincaré-type inequalities \[ \|\widetilde{u} - \mathrm{med}_{\partial\Omega} \widetilde{u}\|_{L^1(\partial\Omega)} \leq C_{\mathrm{med}}(\Omega)\|Du\|(\Omega) \] and \[ \|\widetilde{u} - \widetilde{u}_{\partial\Omega}\|_{L^1(\partial\Omega)} \leq C_{\mathrm{mv}}(\Omega)\|Du\|(\Omega). \] Here, \(\Omega\) is a bounded connected open set in \({\mathbb R}^n\), \(n \geq 2\), \((u \in BV(\Omega)) \mapsto (\widetilde{u} \in L^1(\partial\Omega))\) the boundary trace operator, \[ \operatorname{med}_{\partial\Omega} \widetilde{u} = \sup\;\bigg\{t \in {\mathbb R}: {\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\{\widetilde{u} > t\})> \frac{{\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\partial\Omega)}{2}\bigg\}, \quad \widetilde{u}_{\partial\Omega} = \frac1{{\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\partial\Omega)} \int_{\partial\Omega} \widetilde{u} \, d{\mathcal H}^{n-1}(x), \] \({\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\cdot)\) denoting the \((n-1)\)-dimensional Hausdorff measure. Under the assumption that \(\Omega\) is an admissible domain, the following inequalities are proved: \[ C_{mv}(\Omega), C_{med}(\Omega) \geq \frac{n\omega_n}{2\omega_{n-1}}, \qquad \omega_k = \frac{\pi^\frac{k}{2}}{\Gamma\big(1 + \frac{k}{2}\big)}, \quad k = n - 1, n, \] and, moreover, for \(C_{\mathrm{med}}(\Omega)\) and \(n \geq 2\), the equality holds if and only if \(\Omega\) is equivalent to a ball, up to set of \({\mathcal H}^{n-1}\)-measure zero, and, for \(C_{mv}(\Omega)\) and \(n \geq 2\), the equality holds if and only if \(\Omega\) is equivalent to a ball, up to a set of \({\mathcal H}^{n-1}\)-measure zero (in the case \(n \geq 3\)) and if and only if \(\Omega\) is a disc (in the case \(n = 2\); furthermore, in this case there exist open sets \(\Omega\) that are not equivalent to a disc for which the equality yet holds). The open bounded connected set \(\Omega \subset {\mathbb R}^n\) is said to be admissible if \({\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\partial\Omega) < \infty\), \({\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\partial\Omega \setminus \partial^M\Omega) = 0\) and \[ \min \{{\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\partial^ME \cap \partial\Omega),{\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\partial\Omega \setminus \partial^ME)\} \leq C{\mathcal H}^{n-1}(\partial^ME \cap \Omega) \] for some positive constant \(C\) and every measurable set \(E \subset \Omega\) (\(\partial^M(\cdot)\) is the essential boundary).