Very weak solutions of wave equation for Landau Hamiltonian with irregular electromagnetic field (Q524121)

In the present paper, the authors are interested in the following Cauchy problem for the wave equation for the Landau Hamiltonian in \([0,T] \times \mathbb{R}^2\): \[ u_{tt} + a(t)({\mathcal H} + q(t))u=0,\,\,\,u(0,x)=u_0(x),\,\,\,u_t(0,x)=u_1(x). \] Here \[ {\mathcal H}={\mathcal H}(x,y,\partial_x,\partial_y)=\frac{1}{2}\big(\big(i\partial_x -By\big)^2 + \big(i\partial_y+Bx\big)^2\big), \] where the positive constant \(2B\) is the strength of the magnetic field. One goal of the authors is to allow time-dependent distributions in \(a\), the square of the propagation speed, and in the electromagnetic potential \(q\), for example, \(a=q=\delta_1\) (\(\delta_1\) denotes the \(\delta\)-distribution at time \(t=1\)) or \(a=h_1(t)\) and \(q=\delta_1+h_1(t)\) (here \(h_1\) denotes the Heaviside function with jump in \(t=1\)), \(T>1\) is supposed. The coefficient \(a\) is supposed as a positive distribution on \([0,T]\). First of all the authors have to introduce a notion of solutions for the above Cauchy problem. For this reason they introduce \(C^\infty\)-moderate nets of functions and \(C^\infty\big([0,T],H^s_{{\mathcal H}}\big)\)-moderate nets of functions. These nets motivate to introduce for \(\varepsilon \in (0,1]\) a family of regularized Cauchy problems \[ u^\varepsilon_{tt} + a^\varepsilon(t)({\mathcal H} + q^\varepsilon(t))u^\varepsilon=0,\,\,\,u^\varepsilon(0,x)=u_0(x),\,\,\,u^\varepsilon_t(0,x)=u_1(x), \] where the data \(u_0\) and \(u_1\) are supposed to belong to \(H^s_{{\mathcal H}}\). The \(C^\infty\)-moderate nets \(\{a^\varepsilon\}_{\varepsilon \in (0,1]}\) and \(\{q^\varepsilon\}_{\varepsilon \in (0,1]}\) are suitable regularizations of \(a\) and \(q\). The net \(\{u^\varepsilon\}_{\varepsilon \in (0,1]}\) belonging to \(C^\infty\big([0,T],H^s_{{\mathcal H}}\big)\) is a very weak solution of order \(s\) if it is \(C^\infty\big([0,T],H^s_{{\mathcal H}}\big)\)-moderate. Then the authors prove the following results: {\parindent=0.7cm\begin{itemize}\item[--] The Cauchy problem admits a very weak solution for distributional type Cauchy data. The very weak solution is unique in an appropriate sense. \item[--] The introduced notion of very weak solutions is consistent with classical solutions if the latter exist. \item[--] When the classical solution does not exist, the very weak solution comes with an explicit numerical scheme modeling the limiting behaviour of the family of regularized solutions. \end{itemize}} Finally, some remarks to the higher-dimensional case \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\) complete the paper.