On the Riemann-Hilbert-Birkhoff inverse monodromy problem associated with the third Painlevé equation (Q539079)

The authors consider a particular case of the generalized Riemann-Hilbert problem for \(2\times 2\) linear systems of ordinary differential equation with rational coefficients: systems having two non-resonant singularities, \(0\) and \(\infty\), of Poincaré rank 1 are studied. Proposing a constructive solution to the problem under consideration, the authors also investigate an isomonodromic deformation of the obtained system. A complex parameter \(x\) of the deformation characterizes the exponential part of the formal solution to the system at \(\infty\). A meromorphic dependance on \(x\) is shown. The main results are reformulated in terms of the Riemann-Hilbert factorization problem with respect to a fixed contour. The latter is solved by means of Riemann-Hilbert problems in neighbourhoods of \(0\) and \(\infty\), and the Birkhoff-Grothendieck theorem with a parameter. A relation of the investigated isomonodromic family to the third Painlevé equation is also given in the present context.