Complexity of numerical integration over spherical caps in a Sobolev space setting (Q544128)

Let \(\mathbb{S}^r\) be the unit sphere in the Euclidean space \(\mathbb{R}^{r+1}\), with \(r\geq 2\). Let \(\mathcal{C}(\mathbf{z};\gamma)=\{\mathbf{x}\in \mathbb{S}^r\;:\mathbf{x}\cdot \mathbf{z}\geq \cos\gamma\}\) be the spherical cap with center \(\mathbf{z}\in \mathbb{S}^r\) and radius \(\gamma \in (0,\pi]\). Let \(H^s(\mathbb{S}^r)\) be the Hilbert space of those functions on \(\mathbb{S}^r\) whose generalized distributional derivatives of order \(\leq s\) are square integrable over \(\mathbb{S}^r\). The \(m\)-point rules \(Q_m[f]:=\sum_{j=1}^m w_j f(\mathbf{x}_j)\), with nodes \(\mathbf{x}_j\in \mathcal{C}(\mathbf{z};\gamma)\) and real weights \(w_j\), \(j=1,\dots ,m\), are used to approximate the integral \(\mathbf{I}_{\mathcal{C}(\mathbf{z};\gamma)}[f]:=\int_{\mathcal{C}(\mathbf{z};\gamma)}f(\mathbf{x})d\omega_r(\mathbf{x})\), where \(f\in H^s(\mathbb{S}^r)\). Here, \(d\omega_r\) denotes the Lebesgue surface element of \(\mathbb{S}^r\). The worst-case error is defined as follows \[ E(Q_m;H^s(\mathbb{S}^r))=\sup\{|Q_m[f]-\mathbf{I}_{\mathcal{C}(\mathbf{z};\gamma)}[f]|;\;f\in H^s(\mathbb{S}^r),\;\|f\|_s\leq 1\}. \] The main two results of this paper are the following: Theorem 1. Let \(r\geq 2\) and \(s\geq r/2\). There exists a constant \(c_{r,s}>0\) such that \(E(Q_m;H^s(\mathbb{S}^r))\geq c_{r,s}|\mathcal{C}(\mathbf{z};\gamma)|^{1/2+s/r}m^{-s/r}\). Theorem 2. Let \(r\geq 2\) and \(s\geq r/2\). Let \(\{Q_{m(n)}\}\) be a sequence of rules such that \(Q_{m(n)}\) is exact for all spherical polynomials of degree \(\leq n\). Suppose that \(\sum_{j=1}^{m(n)}|w_j|\leq C(\gamma/(\pi n))^r\) for all \(\mathbf{y}\in \mathbb{S}^r\), where the sum ranges over those \(j\) such that \(\mathbf{x}_j\in \mathcal{C}(\mathbf{y};\gamma/(\pi n))\). Then \[ E(Q_m;H^s(\mathbb{S}^r))\leq \tilde{c}_{r,s}|\mathcal{C}(\mathbf{z};\gamma)|^{1/2+((r+1)/2-[(r+1)/2]-1)/(2r)}n^{-s}. \] A section is devoted to discuss the extension of the results to a general closed and connected measurable subset \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{S}^r\) that is the closure of an open set.