Diophantine exponents and the Khintchine Groshev theorem (Q548088)

Let \(\psi: {\mathbb N} \rightarrow {\mathbb R}_+\) be a non-increasing function. A manifold \({\mathcal M} \subseteq {\mathbb R}^n\) is said to be of Groshev type for convergence if the set of points \(x \in {\mathcal M}\) for which there are infinitely many \((p,q) \in {\mathbb Z} \times {\mathbb Z}^n\) such that \[ |p+q\cdot x| < \psi(||q||^n), \] has measure zero whenever \[ \sum_{k=1}^\infty \psi(k) < \infty. \] Here, \(|| q ||\) denotes the maximum among the absolute values of the coordinates of \(q\), and the measure on \({\mathcal M}\) is the one induced by the Lebesgue measure. It was shown by \textit{V. Bernik}, \textit{D. Kleinbock} and \textit{G. A. Margulis} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2001, No. 9, 453--486 (2001; Zbl 0986.11053)] that manifolds satisfying a certain non-degeneracy condition have this property. In the present paper, the author extends the class of manifolds known to be of Groshev type for convergence to encompass a class of affine subspaces of \({\mathbb R}^n\). Such subspaces do not satisfy the non-degeneracy condition, which is purely geometric. This is replaced by an arithmetic condition on a range of Diophantine exponents associated to an affine subspace. As examples of affine subspaces which are not of Groshev type for convergence are easily constructed, it is clear that an arithmetic condition is needed. The main result of the paper answers a conjecture of \textit{D. Kleinbock} [Geom. Funct. Anal. 13, No. 2, 437--466 (2003; Zbl 1113.11044)] in the affirmative. The proof uses many results and techniques from Bernik et al. [ loc.cit.]. The paper is concluded with a nice section which reconstructs previous results, discusses examples and provides new questions.