The trigonometric Casimir connection of a simple Lie algebra (Q550004)

Let \(\mathfrak{g}\) be a simple complex Lie algebra, let \(\mathfrak{h}\subset \mathfrak{g}\) be the Cartan subalgebra. Let \(\Phi\subset \mathfrak{h}^*\) be a corresponding root system and \(<e_{\alpha},f_{\alpha},h_{\alpha}>\subset \mathfrak{g}\) be the corresponding \(\mathfrak{sl}_2\) subalgebra. Put \[ \kappa_{\alpha}=\frac{(\alpha,\alpha)}{2}(e_{\alpha}f_{\alpha}+f_{\alpha}e_{\alpha}). \] Put \[ \mathfrak{h}_{reg}=\mathfrak{h}\setminus \bigcup_{\alpha\in \Phi}Ker(\alpha). \] The Casimir connection is a connection defined on a trivial bundle on \(\mathfrak{h}_{reg}\) with the fibre \(V\), which is a \(\mathfrak{g}\) module, defined by the formula \[ \nabla_{\kappa}=d-h\sum_{\alpha\in \Phi_+}\frac{d\alpha}{\alpha}\kappa_{\alpha}. \] As is well-known from the study of Cherednik's affine KZ connection the flatness and Weil-invariance of such a connection require that the Casimir connection possesses a trigonometric analog of the form \[ \widehat{\nabla}_{\kappa}=d-h\sum_{\alpha\in \Phi_+}\frac{d\alpha}{e^{\alpha}-1}\kappa_{\alpha}+A. \] The main result of the paper under review is an explicit formula for this tail \(A\). The structure of the paper is the following. In the section 2 the general necessary and sufficient conditions for a general trigonometric Casimir-type connection to be integrable are given. In section 3 the Drinfeld's two realization of Yangian are reviewed. After this the trigonometric Casimir connection is constructed and its integrability is proved. In section 4 the monodromy of this connection is investigated. In section 5 a trigonometric connection with values in the Yangian of \(\mathfrak{gl}_n\) is defined, it is related to the trigonometric Casimir connection of \(\mathfrak{sl}_n\). In section 6 it is shown, that trigonometric Casimir connection commutes with qQZ equations. In section 7 relations with affine KZ connection is established. In the appendix the definition of the Tits extension of a Weil group is reviewed. The reduced Tits extension is defined. It is shown that in the case of an affine Weil group the reduced Tits extension is isomorphic to the semidirect product of a finite Weil group and the corresponding coroot extension.