Generalized localization for spherical partial sums of multiple Fourier series (Q5919713)

Let \(f\in L^p(\mathbb T^N)\) be a function on the \(N\)-torus and \(1\leq p\leq \infty\). Then the spherical partial sums of the Fourier series of \(f\) are \[ S_\lambda f(x):= \sum_{|n|^2\leq \lambda} \hat f(n))e^{inx},\qquad x\in \mathbb T^N. \] The author studies the notion of generalized localization introduced by \textit{V. A. Il'in} [Sib. Mat. Zh. 9, 1093--1106 (1968; Zbl 0191.07503)]: If \(f\in L^p(\mathbb T^N)\) vanishes identically in some open set \(\Omega\subset \mathbb T^N\) do we have that \(S_{\lambda}f\to 0\) almost everywhere in \(\Omega\)? It was shown by \textit{A. Bastys} [Lith. Math. J. 31, No. 3, 269--282 (1991; Zbl 0799.35169); translation from Lit. Mat. Sb. 31, No. 3, 387--405 (1991)] that generalized localization fails in \(L^p(\mathbb T^N)\) whenever \(1\leq p<2\). Interestingly this fact can be deduced by following the ideas in C. Fefferman's counterexample for the ball multiplier. At the same time, it is a result of \textit{A. Carbery} and \textit{F. Soria} [Rev. Mat. Iberoam. 4, No. 2, 319--337 (1988; Zbl 0692.42001)] that generalized localization in \(\mathbb R^n\), \(n\geq 2\), for the spherical summation of Fourier integrals holds in \(L^p(\mathbb R^n)\) whenever \(2\leq p\leq 2n/(n-1)\). This is the only range of \(p\)'s where such a result could be stated for \(L^p(\mathbb R^n)\); see the paper of Carbery and Soria for further details. The main result of the paper at hand is that the generalized localization holds in \(L^2(\mathbb T^N)\) and thus in \(L^p(\mathbb T^N)\) for all \(p\geq 2\). The author comments that transference methods cannot be used in order to prove such a result as with these methods one cannot keep track of the information on the support of the function. Thus this result does not follow by the methods of Carbery and Soria although its proof is certainly influenced by it. In order to show the generalized localization in \(L^2(\mathbb T^N)\) the author shows a local \(L^2\)-inequality for functions supported on a ball, with constants depending on the size of the support of the function.