Borel subalgebras and categories of highest weight modules for toroidal Lie algebras (Q5929440)

The authors study conjugacy classes of Borel subalgebras and certain Verma modules of toroidal Lie algebras in two variables. They first give a classification of the set of imaginary roots via \(k\)-frames in \(n\)-space. For \(n=2\) and when the positive set of imaginary roots is of normal type, they show there are four equivalence classes of positive sets of roots under the orbit of the Weyl group. Additionally, a category \({\mathcal O}_\lambda\) of highest weight modules is introduced. When a certain central element acts nontrivially, they show this category is equivalent to the highest weight category for an extension of a suitable affine Kac-Moody subalgebra. In turn, this is used to prove a BGG type resolution and BGG duality theorem appropriate for \({\mathcal O}_\lambda\).