Limits of commutative triangular systems on locally compact groups (Q5933522)

Let \(G\) be a locally compact group, and let \(M^{1}(G)\) be the topological convolution semigroup of probability measures on \(G\). A probability measure \( \mu \in M^{1}(G)\) is called infinitesimally divisible if for any \(n \in \mathbb{N}\), there exists \(\mu_{n} \in M^{1}(G)\) such that \(\mu = \mu_{n}^{n}\). A probability measure \(\mu \in M^{1}(G)\) is called embeddable if there exists a one-parameter semigroup \(\{ \mu_{t} \in M^{1}(G) : t \geq 0 \}\) such that \(\mu_{1} = \mu\). For any compact subgroup \(H\) of \(G\), let \(\omega_{H}\) be the normalized Haar measure on \(H\), and define \( M^{1}_{H}(G) \) as \(\omega_{H}M^{1}(G)\omega_{H}\). To the reviewer, the most interesting result in the article is the following Theorem 4.1: Let \(G\) be a real algebraic group and let \(\mu \in M^{1}(G)\) be infinitesimally divisible. Then there exist a closed semigroup \(S \subset M_{H}^{1}(G)\), and an equivalence relation \(\sim\), such that if \(\pi : S \rightarrow S^{\ast} = S / \sim\) is the natural map, then \(\mu \in S\), and \(\pi(\mu)\) is bald, i.e. \(\pi(\omega_{H})\) is the unique idempotent element in the set of two-sided factors of \(\pi(\mu)\), and \(\pi(\mu)\) is infinitesimally divisible in \(S^{\ast}\). Moreover, if \(G\) is connected and nilpotent, then \(\mu\) is embeddable. The proof is very technical and complicated.