On the nonembeddability and crossing numbers of some toroidal graphs on the Klein bottle (Q5936053)

Let \(N_k\) denote the closed nonorientable 2-manifold of genus \(k\); thus \(N_1\) is the projective plane and \(N_2\) is the Klein bottle. It is well known that \(K_7\) is toroidal, but not imbeddable in \(N_2\) [\textit{P. Franklin}, J. Math. Phys., Mass. Inst. Techn. 13, 363-369 (1934; Zbl 0010.27502)]. The present author shows that the graphs of toroidal polyhedral maps with four (respectively five) or more disjoint homotopic noncontractible circuits are not imbeddable in \(N_1\) (respectively \(N_2\)), and that, since all toroidal graphs are imbeddable in \(N_3\), the two results do not extend. He also shows that the \(N_2\) crossing numbers of \(C_m\times C_n\) \((m\leq n)\) for \(m= 3,4,5\), and \(6\) are \(1\), \(2\), \(4\) and \(6\) respectively. Note that, in contrast with known crossing numbers for these graphs on the sphere and on \(N_1\), the values above depend only upon \(m\). The author also gives upper bounds for \(m\geq 7\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINENote that the abstract has ``\(n\)'' for ``\(m\)'', and that the upper-bound theorem typographically claims equality.