Degenerate affine Hecke algebras and centralizer construction for the symmetric groups (Q5936953)

The aim of this paper is to obtain for the symmetric group an analogue of the centralizer construction associated with the series of classical Lie algebras. When the latter construction is applied to the Lie algebra \({\mathfrak{gl}}(n)\), one defines the centralizer \({\mathcal A}_m(n)\) of the subalgebra \({\mathfrak{gl}}(n-m)\) in the enveloping \(U({\mathfrak{gl}}(n))\), and it turns out that, for \(n>m\), there are natural homomorphisms \({\mathcal A}_m(n)\to{\mathcal A}_m(n-1)\). The inverse limit of this system of homomorphisms gives an algebra \({\mathcal A}_m\). This algebra has a large centre, \({\mathcal A}_0\), and we have an isomorphism \({\mathcal A}_m\cong{\mathcal A}_0\otimes Y_m\), where \(Y_m\) is the Yangian for the Lie algebra \({\mathfrak{gl}}(m)\). The main result of this paper, Theorem 5.18, provides the analogous result for the symmetric groups. Mimicking the complete argument for Lie algebras does not work, since there is generally no homomorphism from \(\mathbb{C}[S(n)]\to\mathbb{C}[S(n-1)]\) that is identical on \(\mathbb{C}[S(n-1)]\). However, it is still possible to salvage a result analogous to the isomorphism of the previus paragraph by working at the level of semigroups: instead of \(\mathbb{C}[S(n)]\), the authors work with \(\mathbb{C}[\Gamma(n)]\), where \(\Gamma(n)\) is the semigroup of partial bijections on \(n\) letters. This leads to a family of algebras \(A_m(n)\) (analogous to \({\mathcal A}_m(n)\)) which can be made into an inverse system to produce an algebra \(A_m\) analogous to \({\mathcal A}_m\). The algebra \(A_m\) has a large centre, \(A_0\), and we have \(A_m\cong A_0\otimes\widetilde{\mathcal H}_m\), where \(\widetilde{\mathcal H}_m\) is a semigroup version of the degenerate affine Hecke algebra \({\mathcal H}_m\). The authors give a presentation for \({\mathcal H}_m\) in terms of generators and relations.