Exponential growth for codimensions of some p. i. algebras (Q5946412)

Let \(A\) be a PI-algebra over a field \(F\) of characteristic 0 and let \(c_n(A)\), \(n=1,2,\dots\), be the \(n\)-th (multilinear) codimension of \(A\), i.e. the dimension of the vector space of multilinear noncommutative polynomials of degree \(n\) modulo the polynomial identities of \(A\). After the seminal paper of the second author [\textit{A. Regev}, Isr. J. Math. 11, 131-152 (1972; Zbl 0249.16007)] for the exponential growth of the codimension sequence of any PI-algebra, and followed by many other papers, it has turned out that very often one can obtain a lot of information for \(A\) using the asymptotic behaviour of the sequence \(c_n(A)\). In particular, the result of \textit{A. Giambruno, M. Zaicev} [Adv. Math. 140, No. 2, 145-155 (1998; Zbl 0920.16012), ibid. 142, No. 2, 221-243 (1999; Zbl 0920.16013)] shows that the limit \(\exp(A)=\lim_{n\to\infty}\root n\of{c_n(A)}\) always exists and is an integer. In the paper under review the authors calculate this integer for various generic PI-algebras which are given by a single identity. These include the standard, Engel and commutator identity and their powers and Capelli-type identities. The authors also establish that the standard polynomials are the weakest identities among polynomials of the same degree in the sense of having largest codimensions. As in the proof of the result of Giambruno and Zaicev, an impotrant role in the considerations is played by the structure theory of T-ideals developed by \textit{A. R. Kemer} (see his book [Ideals of identities of associative algebras, Transl. Math. Monogr. 87, Providence, RI; AMS (1991; Zbl 0732.16001)]) combined with the authors' study of the cocharacter sequence of a number of algebras related with verbally prime algebras [\textit{A. Berele, A. Regev}, Isr. J. Math. 91, No. 1-3, 239-247 (1995; Zbl 0838.16015), ibid. 103, 17-28 (1998; Zbl 0919.16017)].