Embeddings of Banach spaces into Banach lattices and the Gordon-Lewis property (Q5951641)

Let \(Y\) be a Banach space and \(L\) a Banach lattice. An operator \(T:Y\to L\) is called order bounded if there exists an \(h\geq 0\) in \(L\) such that \(|Ty|\leq\|y\|\cdot h\) for all \(y\in Y\). Put \(\|T\|_m=\inf\|h\|\), where the infimum extends over all \(h\) as above. The collection \({\mathcal B}(Y,L)\) of all order bounded operators \(Y\to L\) is a Banach space with norm \(\|\cdot \|_m\). Given a subspace \(X\) of \(L\), let \(Y\otimes_mX\) be the closure of \(Y\otimes X\) in \({\mathcal B}(Y^*,L)\). A crossnorm \(\alpha\) on \(Y\otimes X\) is left tensorial if \(T\otimes \text{id}_X\) belongs to \({\mathcal L}(Y\otimes_\alpha X)\) with \(\|T\otimes \text{id}_X\|\leq\|u\|\) for every \(T\in{\mathcal L}(Y)\). Here \(Y\otimes_\alpha X\) denotes the completion of \(Y\otimes X\) under \(\alpha\). The norm \(\|\cdot \|_m\), for example, is left tensorial. The basic result (attributed to G. Pisier) is the following: If \(X\) is any Banach space and \(\alpha\) a left tensorial norm on \(\ell_\infty \otimes X\), then there are a Banach lattice and an isometric embedding \(J:X\to L\) such that \(\|\bigvee_{k=1}^n|Jy_k|\|= \alpha(\sum_{k=1}^ne_k\otimes x_k)\) for every finite set \(\{x_1,\dots, x_n\}{\i}X\), \(\text{id}_{\ell_\infty}\otimes J\) defines an isometry of \(\ell_\infty\otimes_\alpha X\) onto \(\ell_\infty\otimes_m j(X)\). There are several applications. Here is a sample: Every Banach space \(X\) embeds isometrically into a Banach lattice \(L\) such that, for every Banach space \(Y\), \(Y\otimes_m X\) consists precisely of all operators \(T:Y^*\to X\) such that \(T^*\) is in the closure of \(X\otimes Y\) in the \(1\)-summing norm. This lattice also has the property that every \(L_1\)-factorable operator \(T:X\to Y\), \(Y\) any Banach space, admits an extension \(L\to Y\) which has the same \(L_1\)-factorable norm as \(\|T\|\). \(X\) has the (Gordon-Lewis) property GL if every \(1\)-summing operator with domain \(X\) is \(L_1\)-factorable. \(X\) has the \(\text{GL}_2\) property if the same is true for \(\ell_2\)-valued operators. It is shown that \(X\) has the GL property iff there is a Banach lattice \(L\) which contains \(X\) as a subspace such that every \(1\)-summing operator \(X\to\ell_2\) admits a \(1\)-summing extension \(L\to\ell_2\). Similarly, \(X\) has the GL property if it occurs as a subspace of a Banach lattice \(L\) such that, regardless of the Banach space \(Y\), every 1-summing operator \(T:X\to Y\) is the restriction of some cone-summing operator \(\widetilde T:L\to Y\) (i.e., the adjoint of \(\widetilde T\) is order bounded).