Completeness of orthonormal wavelet systems for arbitrary real dilations (Q5956057)

In 1964, Alberto Calderón characterized continuous wavelets in terms of what we now call the Calderón condition, i.e., \(\int_{\mathbb R} |\widehat \psi (\xi)|^2 \frac{d\xi}{|\xi|} = 1\). In recent years the subject of characterizations of discrete wavelet systems \[ \Psi = \{ \psi_{j,k}^l (x) = |\det A|^{j/2} \psi^l (A^j x - k) : l=1, \ldots,\;L, j \in {\mathbb Z},\;k \in {\mathbb Z}^n \} \] has attracted significant attention. In particular, in 1999 Guido Weiss conjectured that if \(\Psi\) is an orthonormal system, then it is complete if and only if a discretized version of the Calderón condition holds: \(\sum_{l=1}^L \sum_{j\in {\mathbb Z}} |\widehat \psi^l (2^j \xi)|^2 = 1\) a.e. \(\xi \in {\mathbb R}^n\). For proofs of this result and its generalizations see, e.g. [\textit{G. Weiss} and \textit{E. N. Wilson}, ``The mathematical theory of wavelets'', in: Twentieth century harmonic analysis -- a celebration, NATO Sci. Ser. II, Math. Phys. Chem. 33, 329-366 (2001; Zbl 1001.42020)], [\textit{Z. Rzeszotnik}, ``Calderón's condition and wavelets'', Collect. Math. 52, No. 2, 181-191 (2001; Zbl 0989.42017)], and [\textit{M. Bownik}, ``On characterizations of multiwavelets in \(L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^n)\)'', Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 129, No.11, 3265-3274 (2001; Zbl 0979.42021)]. In this paper the author uses averaging techniques and the properties of almost periodic functions to prove the Weiss conjecture in \(L^2({\mathbb R})\) for all real dilations \(a>1\). Different characterizations of discrete and continuous wavelets are also studied. Finally, the above methods are used to give a different proof of the Second Oversampling Theorem, see [\textit{C. K. Chui and X. Shi}, ``Bessel sequences and affine frames'', Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 1, No. 1, 29-49 (1993; Zbl 0788.42011)].