Generalised connections on affine Lie algebroids. (Q595937)
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English | Generalised connections on affine Lie algebroids. |
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Generalised connections on affine Lie algebroids. (English)
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6 August 2004
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The author gives a geometric model for a certain class of first order differential equations on an affine bundle, called pseudo-SODE, which are a generalization of the concept of second order differential equations. This kind of equations are related with a sort of generalization of the concept of connection. Let \(\pi: E\to M\) be an affine bundle, modelled over a vector bundle \(\overline \pi: \overline E\to M\), and an affine bundle map \(\rho: E\to TM\), called the anchor map. A curve \(\psi\) in \(E\) such that \(T(\pi\circ\psi)=\rho\circ\psi\) is called admissible; a tangent vector field \(\Gamma\) on \(E\) is called a pseudo-SODE if its integral curves are all admissible, that is to say, if \(T\pi\circ\Gamma=\rho\). If \((x^a, y^\alpha)\) is a fibred system of local coordinates for \(E\), the anchor map can be written locally as \[ \rho:(x,y)\mapsto (x,\rho_\alpha^a(x)y^\alpha +\rho_0^a(x)), \] where \(\rho_\alpha^a, \rho_0^a\) are functions on \(M\), and each pseudo-SODE gives rise to the system of equations \[ \begin{cases} \dot x^a=\rho_\alpha^a(x)y^\alpha +\rho_0^a(x) \\ \dot y^\alpha =f^\alpha (x,y)\end{cases} \] for certain suitable functions \(f^\alpha(x,y)\) on \(E\). This kind of system is a generalization of the Euler-Lagrange equations for a time-dependent Lagrangian on the first jet bundle of a bundle \(M\to\mathbb R\) (time-dependent mechanics). Let \(T^\rho E\) be the pullback \(\rho^*TE\) of \(TE\) by the anchor map; if \(\tau_E: TE\to E\) is the canonical projection and \(\rho^1: T^\rho E\to TE\) is the projection on the second factor, then the projection \(\pi^1=\tau_E\circ\rho^1: T^\rho E\to E\) is an affine bundle, and a pseudo-SODE is a section of \(\pi^1\). In the framework of time-dependent mechanics, given a SODE on a fibred bundle \(M\to\mathbb R\) it is possible to construct a nonlinear connection on \(J^1M\to M\). This is the reason why the author gives a third definition of a pseudo-SODE by embedding \(T^\rho E\) in a vector bundle \(\tilde\pi^1: T^{\tilde\rho}\to E\) which plays the role of \(TJ^1M\). Then he generalizes the concept of connection and defines the \(\tilde\rho\)-connections. When the bundle \(E\) is endowed with a Lie algebroid structure, the torsion and curvature of this kind of connections are defined. Finally, it is shown that each pseudo-SODE gives rise to a generalized connection.
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affine bundle
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Lie algebroid
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pseudo-SODE
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generalized connection
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