Upper and lower estimates for the modulus of bounded holomorphic functions (Q5963722)

The following multi-point version of \textit{V. N. Dubinin}'s theorem [J. Math. Sci. 207, (6), 825--831 (2015)] is proved. Theorem. Let \(f\) be a holomorphic self-map of the unit disc \({\mathbb D}\), whose image does not contain any circle \(|z|=\rho\), \(0<\rho<1\). Then for every \(w\in f({\mathbb D})\) \[ k^{-1}\left[k(|f(0)|) \left(\frac{1 - p(w)}{1 + p(w)}\right)^2\right] \leq |w| \leq k^{-1}\left[k(|f(0)|) \left(\frac{1 + p(w)}{1 - p(w)}\right)^2\right], \] where \(p(w) = \prod\limits_{j} |z_j(w)|\), \(z_j(w)\) are all pre-images of \(w\), and \(k(z)\) is the Koebe function. Extremal functions for which either the left or the right inequality turns into equality are found too.