The Hurwitz zeta function: monotonicity, convexity and inequalities (Q5964963)

The Hurwitz zeta-function \(\zeta(s,a)\), \(s=\sigma+it\), is defined by \[ \zeta(s,a)=\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(k+a)^s}, \quad \text{Re}(s)>1, \quad a>0. \] Let \[ a\frac{\partial}{\partial a}H(\delta;s,a)=\delta H(\delta;s,a)-sH(\delta+1;s+1,a) \] be a functional-differential equation with the solution \(H(\delta;s,a)=a^{\delta}\zeta(s,a)\), \(\delta \in \mathbb{R}\), \(\text{Re}(s)>1\), \(a>0\). In this paper, several inequalities for the function \(H(\delta;s,a)\) are given. For example, it is shown that the inequality \[ (a+b)^\delta \zeta(s,a+b)<b^\delta\zeta(s,a)+a^\delta\zeta(s,b) \] holds for all \(a,b>0\) iff \(\delta \leq s\). Another example is so called Petrović-type inequality, i.e., that, for all \(a,b\in (0,1)\), \[ a^\delta \zeta(s,a)+b^\delta \zeta(s,b)<\zeta(s)+(ab)^\delta\zeta(s,ab), \] where the term \(\zeta(s)\) cannot be replaced by a smaller expression. The paper is interesting to the large group of mathematicians who are interested in the theory of zeta-functions.