Periodic solutions for second order equations with time-dependent potential via time map (Q596765)

This paper provides a sufficient condition for the existence of periodic solutions to a second-order equation of the form \(u''+g(t,u)=0\). It is assumed that there exist two continuous functions \(g_m, g_M\), such that \(\liminf _{| x| \to +\infty} g(t,x)/g_m(x) \geq 1,\) \noindent \(\limsup _{| x| \to +\infty} g(t,x)/g_M(x) \leq 1\), uniformly in \(t\); thus the time-maps associated to the auxiliary equations \(u''+g_m(t,u)=0\) and \(u''+g_M(t,u)=0\), can be defined. These time-maps are then used to state a nonresonance-type condition. The proof is performed by applying a continuation theorem due to \textit{J. Mawhin}, \textit{F. Zanolin} and the reviewer [NoDEA, Nonlinear Differ. Equ. Appl. 2, No. 2, 133--163 (1995; Zbl 0824.34025)].